Nucleation effect inhibitor, crystalline resin composition and method of controlling crystallization of crystalline resin composition

ABSTRACT

A nucleating-effect-suppressor comprising a compound being any of the compounds having at least one structure selected from among polycyclic structures wherein three or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring, excluding nigrosine, aniline black and copper phthalocyanine derivative, a crystalline resin composition containing the nucleating-effect-suppressor, and a method of controlling crystallization by the used of the nucleating-effect-suppressor.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a nucleating-effect-suppressor forlowering the crystallization temperature or crystallization rate of acrystalline resin composition by incorporating it in the crystallineresin composition, a crystalline resin composition containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor, and a method of controllingcrystallization wherein the crystallization temperature andcrystallization rate of a crystalline resin are lowered using thenucleating-effect-suppressor.

BACKGROUND ART

Because crystalline resins are excellent in mechanical and chemicalproperties, they are widely used in such fields as parts of automobiles,electric/electronic products and the like. In particular, the demand forengineering plastics is growing in various fields.

Also, there have been attempts to improve the heat resistance andchemical resistance of a crystalline resin, or to confer mechanicalstrength according to individual uses, by formulating a fibrousreinforcing material therein, so as to meet the requirements of a widevariety of industrial applications. Furthermore, in recent years, therehas been a marked trend toward replacement of conventional metal partswith fiber-reinforced crystalline resins, to resolve the problems ofweight reduction, manufacturing process simplification and corrosionprevention, in the fields of electronic parts, automobile parts,electrical equipment parts and the like.

When a crystalline resin used as a molding material is cooled from amolten state, crystallization occurs. The state of crystallizationvaries depending on the cooling conditions during the molding stage, thepresence of a fine particle that serves as a core of crystallization,that is, a nucleating agent, and the like. Because the properties of thecrystalline resin are significantly influenced by the state ofcrystallization, how to control its crystallization is the key to makinguse of the characteristics of the resin. For example, because thepresence of a nucleating agent as described above has an effect ofincreasing the crystallization rate of a crystalline resin and raisingthe crystallization temperature (nucleating effect), cooling time duringmolding can be shortened.

By the way, crystalline resins are colored for the purpose ofdecoration, color identification, improvement of light fastness ofmolded products, content protection and shading, and the like. Ascolorants, inorganic pigments, organic pigments, dyes and the like arecommonly used, and carbon black, in particular, is widely used for blackcoloring.

The inorganic pigments, organic pigments and the like used for coloringcrystalline resins, in particular, carbon black and fibrous reinforcingmaterials (glass fiber, inorganic fillers such as mica and talc) exhibitbehaviors similar to those of nucleating agents. Therefore, adding thesematerials causes an increase in the crystallization rate andmicro-crystallization, and can hence considerably reduce the toughness.Also, because adding these materials causes a rise in crystallizationtemperature, it is necessary to raise the mold temperature in injectionmolding, which not only leads to an increase in energy cost, but alsoincreases the shrinkage factor due to cooling of the molded product andhence decreases molding accuracy.

To resolve these problems, it is considered effective to suppress theactions of the aforementioned colorants, fibrous reinforcing materialsand the like as nucleating agents, that is, to control crystallizationby allowing the presence of a material capable of lowering thecrystallization rate to suppress micro-crystallization and of loweringthe crystallization temperature to lower the mold temperature in thecrystalline resin. Note that hereinafter this effect is referred to asnucleation suppressing effect (crystallization retarding effect), and amaterial having this effect is referred to asnucleating-effect-suppressor (crystallization retarding effect agent).

In line with this concept, use of nigrosine, aniline black (JapanesePatent Laid-Open No. SHO-57-115454) and copper phthalocyaninederivatives (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. SHO-61-181861) was proposed.Thereafter, various improvements of crystalline resin compositions usingthese materials were conducted. For example, 1) a polyamide-based memberfor vehicles (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. SHO-62-246958), 2) areinforced good-appearance black polyamide resin composition (JapanesePatent Laid-Open No. HEI-4-370148), 3) a glass-fiber-reinforced blackpolyamide resin composition (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.HEI-6-128479), 4) a black polyamide resin composition (Japanese PatentLaid-Open No. HEI-9-255869), 5) a black colored polyamide resincomposition having excellent weatherability (Japanese Patent Laid-OpenNos. HEI-11-343405, HEI-11-343406 and HEI-11-349807), 6) a black coloredreinforced polyamide resin composition (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.2000-53861) and the like can be mentioned.

However, of those that have been used to date asnucleating-effect-suppressors, nigrosine and aniline black are black andcopper phthalocyanine derivatives are dark blue. Hence, the range ofcolor selection is very narrow when they are used in colored crystallineresin compositions; in almost all cases, their use has been limited toblack or nearly black colored resin compositions.

However, since the demand for coloring a crystalline resin in variouscolors is very strong, there has been a strong need for the developmentof a colorless, light-colored or variously colorednucleating-effect-suppressor (a material that lowers the crystallizationtemperature and crystallization rate of a crystalline resin when presentin the crystalline resin, compared to the case without the crystallineresin), that is, a nucleating-effect-suppressor that, unlike nigrosine,aniline black or copper phthalocyanine derivatives, does not narrow therange of color selection for colored crystalline resins.

The present invention was done in view of the above-described problemsin the prior art, and the object thereof is to provide anucleating-effect-suppressor that lowers the crystallization temperatureand crystallization rate of a crystalline resin and allows freeselection of colors in coloring the crystalline resin when contained inthe crystalline resin, a crystalline resin composition containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor, and a method of controllingcrystallization wherein the crystallization temperature andcrystallization rate of crystalline resin are lowered using thenucleating-effect-suppressor.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present inventor investigated a new substance capable of suppressinga nucleating effect on a crystalline resin, focusing on thethree-dimensional structure thereof, finding that the crystallizationtemperature and crystallization rate of a crystalline resin compositioncontaining a compound having a particular structural characteristic fallcompared to the case wherein the compound is not contained, anddeveloped the present invention.

The nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention, whichaccomplishes the above-described object, is anucleating-effect-suppressor comprising a compound that controls thecrystallization of a crystalline resin in a crystalline resincomposition, characterized in that said compound is any of the compoundshaving at least one structure selected from among polycyclic structureswherein three or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structures arecondensed to form condensed ring, excluding nigrosine, aniline black andcopper phthalocyanine derivatives.

As examples of the aforementioned polycyclic structures, those whereinthree or more 4-membered and 6-membered cyclic structures are condensedto form condensed ring, those wherein three or more 5-membered and6-membered cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring, thosewherein three or more 6-membered and 7 or higher-membered cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring, those wherein three ormore 4-membered and 5-membered cyclic structures are condensed to formcondensed ring, those wherein a 4-membered, 5-membered and 6 orhigher-membered cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring,those wherein three or more 4-membered and 6 or higher-membered cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring, and those wherein threeor more 5-membered and 6 or higher-membered cyclic structures arecondensed to form condensed ring, can be mentioned.

Also, the aforementioned compound may be one having one or two or moreunits of one kind of the aforementioned polycyclic structures (forexample, one wherein two or more units of the same polycyclic structureare directly bound via single bonds or double bonds), and may be onehaving one or two or more units of each of two or more kinds of theaforementioned polycyclic structures (for example, one wherein two ormore kinds of polycyclic structures are directly bound via single bondsor double bonds).

The nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may be onethat satisfies the following requirement (A).

(A) The crystallization temperature of a crystalline resin compositioncontaining the nucleating-effect-suppressor is lower than thecrystallization temperature of a crystalline resin in the aforementionedcrystalline resin composition, which does not contain the aforementionednucleating-effect-suppressor.

Also, the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may beone that satisfies the following requirement (B).

(B) The crystallization temperature of a crystalline resin compositioncontaining 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of the nucleating-effect-suppressorper 100 parts by weight of a crystalline resin is lower than thecrystallization temperature of a crystalline resin in the aforementionedcrystalline resin composition, which does not contain the aforementionednucleating-effect-suppressor by 4° C. or more.

Also, the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may beone that satisfies the following requirement (C).

(C) The crystallization rate of a crystalline resin compositioncontaining the nucleating-effect-suppressor is smaller than thecrystallization rate of a crystalline resin in the aforementionedcrystalline resin composition, which does not contain the aforementionednucleating-effect-suppressor

Also, the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may beone that satisfies the following requirement (D).

(D) The difference between the extrapolated crystallization initiationtemperature and extrapolated crystallization end temperature of acrystalline resin composition containing 0.1 to 30 parts by weight ofthe nucleating-effect-suppressor per 100 parts by weight of acrystalline resin is larger than the difference between the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature and extrapolated crystallizationend temperature of a crystalline resin in the aforementioned crystallineresin composition, which does not contain the aforementionednucleating-effect-suppressor by 2° C. or more.

Also, the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may beone that satisfies the following requirement (E).

(E) The sizes of sphaerocrystals in a crystalline resin compositioncontaining the nucleating-effect-suppressor are larger than the sizes ofsphaerocrystals in a crystalline resin in the aforementioned crystallineresin composition, which does not contain the aforementionednucleating-effect-suppressor.

Also, the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may beone that satisfies the following requirement (F).

(F) The average diameter (for example, the median diameter of 2-axisaverage diameters) of sphaerocrystals in a crystalline resin compositioncontaining 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of the nucleating-effect-suppressorper 100 parts by weight of a crystalline resin is larger than theaverage diameter of sphaerocrystals in a crystalline resin in theaforementioned crystalline resin composition, which does not contain theaforementioned nucleating-effect-suppressor by a factor of 2 times ormore.

Also, the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may beone that satisfies the following requirement (G).

(G) The number of sphaerocrystals in a prescribed area (for example, afixed surface or section) in a crystalline resin composition containingthe nucleating-effect-suppressor is smaller than the number ofsphaerocrystals in the aforementioned prescribed area in a crystallineresin in the aforementioned crystalline resin composition, which doesnot contain the aforementioned nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Also, the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may beone that satisfies the following requirement (H).

(H) The number of sphaerocrystals in a prescribed area in a crystallineresin composition containing 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of thenucleating-effect-suppressor per 100 parts by weight of a crystallineresin is smaller than the number of sphaerocrystals in theaforementioned prescribed area in a crystalline resin in theaforementioned crystalline resin composition, which does not contain theaforementioned nucleating-effect-suppressor by a factor of ⅔ or less.

The crystalline resin composition of the present invention contains onekind or more of any nucleating-effect-suppressor of the presentinvention in a crystalline resin.

Also, in the method of the present invention of controlling thecrystallization of a crystalline resin composition, by containing onekind or more of any nucleating-effect-suppressor of the presentinvention in a crystalline resin, the crystallization temperature andcrystallization rate of the crystalline resin composition containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor are lowered compared to the crystallizationtemperature and crystallization rate of the crystalline resin in thecrystalline resin composition, which does not contain the aforementionednucleating-effect-suppressor.

Crystal growth in the crystallization of a crystalline resin begins whena crystal nucleus is first produced by concentration fluctuations ofimpurities, molten polymers, or the like. The crystal nucleus having asize at which a crystal begins growing is the critical nucleus; nucleiof sizes smaller than the critical nucleus appear and disappear. Also,the period until the critical nucleus is formed is called nucleationinduction period. When a nucleating agent or a substance equivalentthereto is contained in a crystalline resin, the result will be the sameas in the presence of a crystal nucleus as the critical nucleus inadvance. Hence, substantially without following the nucleation inductionperiod, a crystal begins growing at a high temperature.

However, when the nucleating-effect-suppressor in the present inventionis contained in a crystalline resin, the nucleation induction periodlengthens, the temperature at which a crystal begins growing falls, andthe crystallization rate falls. The three-dimensional structure of thecompound that constitutes the aforementionednucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention significantlyinfluences this nucleating effect suppression phenomenon.

The structure the compound that controls the crystallization of acrystalline resin in the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the presentinvention needs to have is at least one structure selected from amongpolycyclic structures wherein three or more 4-membered or higher cyclicstructures (structure of a circular atomic sequence) are condensed toform condensed ring.

The nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention is capable ofbeing effective in nucleating effect suppression compared to thefollowing compounds. None of a compound having a structure wherein two4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensedring, a compound having a structure wherein cyclic structures with two4-membered or higher cyclic structures condensed to form condensed ringare linked via single bonds, and a compound having a structure whereinthree 4-membered or higher cyclic structures are linked via singlebonds, has an effective nucleation suppressing effect.

When the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention iscontained in a crystalline resin, the nucleation induction period of thecrystalline resin lengthens, the temperature at which a crystal beginsgrowing falls, and the crystallization rate falls. Hence, the sizes ofsphaerocrystals in a crystalline resin composition containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention are larger thanthe sizes of sphaerocrystals in the original crystalline resin, whichdoes not contain the nucleating-effect-suppressor. When the nucleationsuppression effect is significant, the difference in the sizes ofsphaerocrystals will be 2 times or more.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a photomicrograph of Example 195.

FIG. 2 is a photomicrograph of Example 196.

FIG. 3 is a photomicrograph of Example 197.

FIG. 4 is a photomicrograph of Example 198.

FIG. 5 is a photomicrograph of Example 199.

FIG. 6 is a photomicrograph of Example 200.

FIG. 7 is a photomicrograph of Example 201.

FIG. 8 is a photomicrograph of Comparative Example 129.

MODES FOR EMBODYING THE INVENTION

The compound that constitutes the nucleating-effect-suppressor of thepresent invention may comprise at least one structure selected fromamong (a) to (d) below.

-   (a) A polycyclic structure wherein three 4-membered or higher cyclic    structures are condensed to form condensed ring-   (b) A polycyclic structure wherein four 4-membered or higher cyclic    structures are condensed to form condensed ring-   (c) A polycyclic structure wherein five 4-membered or higher cyclic    structures are condensed to form condensed ring-   (d) A polycyclic structure wherein six or more 4-membered or higher    cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring

It is desirable that the 4-membered or higher cyclic structures bearomatic rings or heterocyclic rings.

Also, of the aforementioned nucleating-effect-suppressors, as thosepreferred in terms of compatibility with polyamide resin and otherproperties, those having a polycyclic structure wherein three or four4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensedring can be mentioned.

Also, (a) to (d) above can be (a) to (d) below, respectively.

-   (a) A polycyclic structure wherein three 5-membered and/or    6-membered cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring    (for example, a combination of one 5-membered ring and two    6-membered rings, a combination of two 5-membered rings and one    6-membered ring, a combination of three 6-membered rings, and the    like)-   (b) A polycyclic structure wherein four 5-membered and/or 6-membered    cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring (for example,    a combination of one 5-membered ring and three 6-membered rings, a    combination of two 5-membered rings and two 6-membered rings, a    combination of four 6-membered rings, and the like)-   (c) A polycyclic structure wherein five 5-membered and/or 6-membered    cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring (a    combination of one 5-membered ring and three 6-membered rings, a    combination of two 5-membered rings and three 6-membered rings, a    combination of one 5-membered ring and four 6-membered rings, a    combination of five 6-membered rings, and the like)-   (d) A polycyclic structure wherein six or more 5-membered and/or    6-membered cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring (a    combination of one 5-membered ring and five 6-membered rings, a    combination of two 5-membered rings and four 6-membered rings, a    combination of three 5-membered rings and three 6-membered rings, a    combination of two 5-membered rings and five 6-membered rings, a    combination of six 6-membered rings, a combination of seven    6-membered rings, and the like)

It is preferable that the aforementioned polycyclic structures (a) to(d) be structures having two or more 6-membered rings.

Also, as the aforementioned 5-membered rings, a cyclopentadiene ring, apyrrole ring, a pyroline ring, a pyrrolidine ring, a pyrazole ring, apyrazoline ring, an imidazole ring, an imidazoline ring, animidazolidine ring, a furan ring, an oxolan ring, a dioxolan ring, athiophene ring, a thiolan ring, a thiazole ring and the like can bementioned. Preferred are a cyclopentadiene ring and a pyrrole ring.

It is preferable that each of the aforementioned polycyclic structures(a) to (d) has a 5-membered ring, and the 5-membered ring(s) be acyclopentadiene ring and/or a pyrrole ring.

Also, as the above-described 6-membered rings, a benzene ring, acyclohexane ring, a pyridine ring, a piperidine ring, a pyrazine ring, apiperazine ring, a pyridone ring, a pyran ring, a pyron ring, an oxanering, a dioxane ring, an oxazine ring, a thian ring, a dithian ring, athiazine ring and the like can be mentioned. Preferred are a benzenering and a pyridine ring.

Each of the aforementioned polycyclic structures (a) to (d) has a6-membered ring, and it is preferable that the 6-membered ring(s) be abenzene ring and/or a pyridine ring. For example, each can be apolycyclic structure of 6-membered ring(s) and 5-membered ring(s) or apolycyclic structure of 6-membered rings only.

In the present specification, as superior expressions to show examplesof polycyclic structures, skeletal structures are mentioned; asintermediate expressions to show examples of preferable structuresbelonging to the skeletal structures or other preferable structures,basic structures are mentioned. Also, preferable specific examplesbelonging to the basic structure or other preferable specific examplesare mentioned as example compounds. In the skeletal structures, theindividual bonds that constitute the skeleton are single bonds or doublebonds, and the kinds of atoms that constitute the skeleton and the kindsand positions of substituents are not specified. In the basicstructures, the kinds and positions of substituents are not specified.

Examples of specific relationships among skeletal structures, basicstructures and example compounds are as follows.

Skeletal Structure a-5 above is one of the skeletal structures belongingto the polycyclic structures wherein three 4-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring. Basic Structure 24 isone of the wide variety of basic structures of Skeletal Structure a-5,and Example Compound 1 is a preferred specific example belonging toBasic Structure 24, and has an amino group as a substituent at the1-position thereof.

Skeletal Structure b-1 above is one of the skeletal structures belongingto the polycyclic structures wherein four 4-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring. Basic Structure 61 isone of the wide variety of basic structures of Skeletal Structure b-1,and Example Compound 2 is a preferred specific example belonging toBasic Structure 61, and has an amino group as a substituent at the1-position thereof.

is a comparative compound relative to Example Compound 1 and ExampleCompound 2. Both Example Compound 1 and Example Compound 2 have in themolecules thereof the structure of Comparative Example Compound 1(1-amino-naphthalene). That is, this is a comparative example compoundwith the number of condensed rings being smaller by one than a skeletalstructure belonging to the polycyclic structures wherein three4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensedring (Example Compound 1).

Skeletal Structure a-6 above is one of the skeletal structures belongingto the polycyclic structures wherein three 4-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring. Basic Structure 41 isone of the wide variety of basic structures of Skeletal Structure a-6,and Example Compound 29 is a preferred specific example belonging toBasic Structure 41.

is a comparative compound relative to Example Compound 29. That is, thisis a comparative example compound with the number of condensed ringsbeing smaller by one than the skeletal structure belonging to apolycyclic structure wherein three 4-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring (Example Compound 1).

Changes in the crystallization temperature and crystallization rate of acrystalline resin composition containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention can be determinedas described below by conducting differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)on the crystalline resin composition containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor (a sample containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor) and on the crystalline resin alone in thecrystalline resin composition (a sample not containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor).

(1) Changes in Crystallization Temperature

The magnitude thereof can be expressed by the difference between thecrystallization temperature shown by the sample containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor (T_(CP)) and the crystallizationtemperature (T⁰ _(CP)) shown by the sample not containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor (crystallization temperature fallΔT_(CP)=T⁰ _(CP)−T_(CP)). This shows that as the ΔT_(CP) increases, thenucleating effect suppressing effect increases, and that when theΔT_(CP) has a negative value, a nucleating effect is evident.

(2) Changes in Crystallization Rate

The difference between extrapolated crystallization initiationtemperature (T_(CIP)) and extrapolated crystallization end temperature(T_(CEP)), that is, crystallization temperature range, is expressed asΔT_(C)=T_(CIP)-T_(CEP). The difference between the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T⁰ _(CIP)) and extrapolatedcrystallization end temperature (T⁰ _(CEP)) shown by the sample notcontaining the nucleating-effect-suppressor, that is, thecrystallization temperature range of the sample not containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor, is expressed as ΔT⁰ _(C)=T⁰ _(CIP)−T⁰_(CEP).

It is shown that the greater ΔΔT_(C)=ΔT_(C)−ΔT⁰ _(C) is, the slower thecrystallization rate is compared to the sample not containing anucleating-effect-suppressor, and a negative value indicates that thecrystallization rate became faster, that is, a nucleating effectappeared.

(1) Investigation of Crystallization Temperature Falls

-   -   T⁰ _(CP) of polyamide 66 (crystalline resin alone): 232.8° C.    -   T_(CP) of polyamide 66 with Example Compound 1 added thereto:        217.7° C.        ΔT _(CP) =T ⁰ _(CP) −T _(CP)=+15.1° C.    -   T_(CP) of polyamide 66 with Example Compound 2 added thereto:        218.6° C.        ΔT _(CP) =T _(CP) −T _(C)=+14.2° C.    -   T_(CP) of polyamide 66 with Comparative Example Compound 1 added        thereto: 232.2° C.        ΔT _(CP) =T ⁰ _(CP) −T _(CP)=+0.6° C.

In the individual crystalline resin compositions with Example Compound 1and Example Compound 2, which belong to the polycyclic structureswherein three and four 4-membered or higher cyclic structures arecondensed to form condensed ring, respectively, added to polyamide 66,the crystallization temperature fell significantly compared to polyamide66 alone. However, the crystallization temperature of a crystallineresin composition with Comparative Example Compound 1, which has astructure wherein two rings are condensed to form condensed ring to havea number of condensed rings smaller by one than Example Compound 1,added to polyamide 66, remains almost unchanged from the case ofpolyamide 66 alone; it is seen that the crystallization temperaturecannot be lowered.

-   -   T_(CP) of polyamide 66 with Example Compound 29 added thereto:        220.0° C.        ΔT _(CP) =T ⁰ _(CP) −T _(CP)=+12.8° C.    -   T_(CP) of polyamide 66 with Comparative Example Compound 6 added        thereto: 230.8° C.        ΔT _(CP) =T ⁰ _(CP) −T _(CP)=+2.0° C.

In the individual crystalline resin compositions with Example Compound29, which belongs to the polycyclic structures wherein three 4-memberedor higher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring, addedto polyamide 66, the crystallization temperature fell significantlycompared to polyamide 66 alone. However, the crystallization point ofthe crystalline resin composition with Comparative Example Compound 6,resulting from replacement of one benzene ring of the condensed ring ofExample Compound 29 with one methyl group (that is, the number ofcondensed rings is smaller by one than Example Compound 29), added topolyamide 66, remains almost unchanged from the case of polyamide 66alone.

(2) Investigation of Crystallization Rate Falls

-   -   ΔT⁰ _(C) (crystallization temperature range) of polyamide 66        (crystalline resin alone): 9.5° C.    -   ΔT_(C) (crystallization temperature range) of polyamide 66 with        Example Compound 1 added thereto: 13.7° C.        ΔΔT _(C) =ΔT _(C) −ΔT ⁰ _(C)=+4.2° C.    -   ΔT_(C) of polyamide 66 with Example Compound 2 added thereto:        15.8° C.        ΔΔT _(C) =ΔT _(C) −ΔT ⁰ _(C)=+6.3° C.    -   ΔT_(C) of polyamide 66 with Comparative Example Compound 1 added        thereto: 8.4° C.        ΔΔT _(C) =ΔT _(C) −ΔT ⁰ _(C)=−1.1° C.

In the individual crystalline resin compositions with Example Compound 1and Example Compound 2, which belong to the polycyclic structureswherein three and four 4-membered or higher cyclic structures arecondensed to form condensed ring, respectively, added to polyamide 66,ΔΔT_(C) is large. This shows that the crystallization rate fellsignificantly compared to polyamide 66. However, in the case of thecrystalline resin composition with Comparative Example Compound 1, whichhas a structure wherein two rings are condensed to form condensed ringto have a number of condensed rings smaller by one than Example Compound1, added to polyamide 66, a negative value is obtained. That is, thecrystallization rate rose, though the increase is slight, compared tothe case of polyamide 66 alone; a nucleating effect is exhibited.

-   -   ΔT_(C) of polyamide 66 with Example Compound 29 added thereto:        16.5° C.        ΔΔT _(C) =ΔT _(C) −ΔT ⁰ _(C)=+7.0° C.    -   ΔT_(C) of polyamide 66 with Comparative Example Compound 6 added        thereto: 9.5° C.        ΔΔT_(C) =ΔT _(C) −ΔT ⁰ _(C)=0° C.

In the individual crystalline resin compositions with Example Compound29, which belongs to the polycyclic structures wherein three 4-memberedor higher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring, addedto polyamide 66, the ΔΔT_(C) rose, and the crystallization rate fellsignificantly compared to polyamide 66 alone. However, in the case ofthe crystalline resin composition with Comparative Example Compound 6added to polyamide 66, ΔΔT_(C)=0 is obtained; it is found that thecrystallization rate of polyamide 66 cannot be lowered.

As shown in the above-described data, depending on whether or not thenumber of rings in the polycyclic structure wherein 4-membered or highercyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring in the compoundadded to the crystalline resin is three or more, the influences on thecrystallization point (crystallization temperature) and crystallizationrate of the crystalline resin vary widely. When the aforementionednumber of rings is two, the influences on the crystallization point andcrystallization rate are very small; when the aforementioned number ofrings is three or more, significant falls are observed in thecrystallization point and the crystallization rate.

Also, referring to the crystalline resin compositions containing ExampleCompound 1, Example Compound 2 and Example Compound 29, respectively,the extrapolated crystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) ismuch lower than the crystalline resin alone (crystalline resin alone:236.0° C., Example Compound 1: 224.8° C., Example Compound 2: 227.3° C.,Example Compound 29: 229.6° C.); it is found that the nucleus inductionperiod has lengthened in each case.

Combining these findings, it is found that there is an extremely widedifference in nucleating effect suppression between the compounds havinga polycyclic structure wherein three or more 4-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring and the compounds havinga structure wherein two 4-membered or higher cyclic structures arecondensed to form condensed ring.

Next, specific examples of the skeletal structures and the basicstructures are described.

Skeletal Structures

(a) As examples of polycyclic structures wherein three 4-membered orhigher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring, SkeletalStructures a-1 to a-8 below can be mentioned. Note that the individualbonds that constitute each skeletal structure are single bonds or doublebonds.

(b) As examples of polycyclic structures wherein four 4-membered orhigher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring, SkeletalStructures b-1 to b-12 below can be mentioned. Note that the individualbonds that constitute each skeletal structure are single bonds or doublebonds.

(c) As examples of polycyclic structures wherein five 4-membered orhigher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring, SkeletalStructures c-1 to c-8 can be mentioned. Note that the individual bondsthat constitute each skeletal structure are single bonds or doublebonds.

(d) As examples of polycyclic structures wherein six or more 4-memberedor higher cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring,Skeletal Structures d-1 to d-10 below can be mentioned. Note that theindividual bonds that constitute each skeletal structure are singlebonds or double bonds.

Basic Structures

(a) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures of Polycyclic StructuresWherein Three 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures are Condensed toForm Condensed Ring

(a-1) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure a-1: Basic Structures 1 to 8

(a-2) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure a-2: Basic Structures 9 to 11

(a-3) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure a-3: Basic Structures 12 to 17

(a-4) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure a-4: Basic Structures 18 to 23

(a-5) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure a-5: Basic Structures 24 to 38

[In Basic Structure 28, A represents S, N—R, N⁺(—R¹)—R² or O, and eachof R, R¹ and R² represents H, an alkyl group having or not having asubstituent, or an aryl group having or not having a substituent.]

[In Basic Structure 33, A represents S, N—R, N⁺(—R¹)—R² or O, and eachof R, R¹ and R² represents H, an alkyl group having or not having asubstituent, or an aryl group having or not having a substituent.]

[In Basic Structure 38, A represents S, N—R, N⁺(—R¹)—R² or O, and eachof R, R¹ and R² represents H, an alkyl group having or not having asubstituent, or an aryl group having or not having a substituent.]

(a-6) Examples of preferred basic structures belonging to SkeletalStructure a-6: Basic Structures 39 to 49

(a-7) Example of Preferred Basic Structure Belonging to SkeletalStructure a-7: Basic

(a-8) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure a-8: Basic Structures 51 to 53

(a-9) Examples of Other Preferred Basic Structures of PolycyclicStructures Wherein Three 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures areCondensed to Form Condensed Ring: Basic Structures 54 to 60

(b) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures of Polycyclic StructuresWherein Four 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures are Condensed toForm Condensed Ring

(b-1) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-1: Basic Structures 61 and 63

(b-2) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-2: Basic Structures 64 to 69

[In Basic Structure 67, A represents S, N—R, N⁺(—R¹)—R² or O, and eachof R, R¹ and R² represents H, an alkyl group having or not having asubstituent, or an aryl group having or not having a substituent.]

[In Basic Structure 68, A represents S, N—R, N⁺(—R¹)—R² or O, and eachof R, R¹ and R² represents H, an alkyl group having or not having asubstituent, or an aryl group having or not having a substituent.]

(b-3) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-3: Basic Structures 70 to 73

(b-4) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-4: Basic Structures 74 and 75

(b-5) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-5: Basic Structures 76 to 78

(b-6) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-6: Basic Structures 79 to 81

(b-7) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-7: Basic Structures 82 and 83

(b-8) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-8: Basic Structure 84

(b-9) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure b-9: Basic Structure 85

(b-10) Examples of Other Preferred Basic Structures of PolycyclicStructures Wherein Four 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures areCondensed to Form Condensed Ring: Basic Structures 86 and 87

(b-11) Example of Other Preferred Basic Structure of PolycyclicStructure Wherein Four 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures areCondensed to Form Condensed Ring: Basic Structure 88

(b-12) Example of Other Preferred Basic Structure of PolycyclicStructure Wherein Four 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures areCondensed to Form Condensed Ring: Basic Structure 89

(b-13) Examples of Other Preferred Basic Structures of PolycyclicStructures Wherein Four 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures areCondensed to Form Condensed Ring: Basic Structures 90 to 93

(c) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures of Polycyclic StructuresWherein Five 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures are Condensed toForm Condensed Ring

(c-1) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure c-1: Basic Structures 94 and 95

(c-2) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure c-2: Basic Structures 96

(c-3) Examples of Preferred Basic Structure Belonging to SkeletalStructure c-3: Basic Structures 97

(c-4) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures Belonging to SkeletalStructure c-4: Basic Structures 98 and 99

(c-5) Examples of preferred basic structures belonging to SkeletalStructure c-5: Basic Structures 100 and 101

(c-6) Example of Preferred Basic Structure Belonging to SkeletalStructure c-6: Basic Structure 102

(c-7) Example of Preferred Basic Structure Belonging to SkeletalStructure c-7: Basic Structure 103

(c-8) Example of Preferred Basic Structure Belonging to SkeletalStructure c-8: Basic Structure 104

(c-9) Examples of Other Preferred Basic Structures of PolycyclicStructures Wherein Five 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures areCondensed to Form Condensed Ring: Basic Structures 105 to 112

(d) Examples of Preferred Basic Structures of Polycyclic StructuresWherein Six or More 4-Membered or Higher Cyclic Structures are Condensedto Form Condensed Ring: Basic Structures 113 to 131

The nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may comprise asalt wherein a cation and an anion are ionically bound. In this case,the salt that constitutes the nucleating-effect-suppressor may be a saltformed by ionic bond of an anion or a cation formed by ionizing of anamino group having or not having a substituent, a sulfone group or acarboxyl group in the above-described basic structure of thenucleating-effect-suppressor and a cation component or an anioncomponent as a counterion. Also, the aforementioned anion component asthe counterion may be an anion from a carboxylic acid or a sulfonicacid; as preferable ones, anion components resulting from an aromatic oraliphatic sulfonic acid and an aromatic or aliphatic carboxylic acid,respectively, can be mentioned.

The nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention may comprise acompound wherein another substituent or the like are bound to theaforementioned polycyclic structure. The other substituent or the likethat bind to the polycyclic structure need to have no significantadverse effect (for example, causing cleavage of a polymer chain, andthe like) on the subject crystalline resin, and are desirablysupplementary to the compatibility with the subject crystalline resin.As specific examples of such substituents, one kind or two kinds of ahydroxyl group, a halogen, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group,an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, an allyl group, an alkenyl group, analkynyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, anaryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylaminocarbonyl group, an arylaminocarbonylgroup, an alkylamino group, an arylamino group, an amino group, anacylamino group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfone group and a carboxylgroup can be mentioned. Preferred are one kind or two kinds of an aminogroup, a dimethylamino group, a carbonyl group, a methyl group and anacetyl group.

As examples of the aforementioned halogen, F, Cl, Br, I and the like canbe mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned alkyl group, alkyl groups having 1 to18 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group,an isopropyl group, a butyl group and a tert-butyl group, can bementioned.

As examples of the aforementioned alkoxy group, alkoxy groups having 1to 18 carbon atoms, such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and anisopropoxy group, can be mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned aralkyl group, a benzyl group, anα,α′-dimethylbenzyl group and the like, whether having or not having asubstituent, can be mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned alkenyl group, vinyl, propenyl,butenyl and the like can be mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned allyl group, —CH₂CH═CH₂, —C(CH₃)═CH₂and the like can be mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned aryl group, a phenyl group, a tolylgroup, a naphthyl group and the like, whether having a substituent (forexample, alkyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or halogen atoms suchas Cl, Br, I, F, or the like) or not having a substituent, can bementioned.

As examples of the aforementioned acyl group, an acetyl group, apropionyl group, a butyryl group, a benzoyl group and the like can bementioned.

As examples of the aforementioned alkoxycarbonyl group, amethoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, an isopropoxycarbonylgroup and the like can be mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned aryloxycarbonyl group, aphenyloxycarbonyl group, a tolyloxycarbonyl group, a naphthyloxycarbonylgroup and the like, whether having or not having a substituent, can bementioned.

As examples of the aforementioned alkylaminocarbonyl group, amethylaminocarbonyl group, an ethylaminocarbonyl group, apropylaminocarbonyl group, an isopropylaminocarbonyl group, anoctylaminocarbonyl group and the like can be mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned arylaminocarbonyl group, aphenylaminocarbonyl group, a tolylaminocarbonyl group, anaphthylaminocarbonyl group and the like, whether having or not having asubstituent, can be mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned alkylamino group, a methylamino group,an ethylamino group, a propylamino group, an isopropylamino group, apentylamino group, a dodecylamino group and the like can be mentioned.

As examples of the aforementioned arylamino group, a phenylamino group,a tolylamino group, a naphthylamino group and the like, whether havingor not having a substituent, can be mentioned.

The amount of nucleating-effect-suppressor contained in the crystallineresin composition of the present invention can, for example, be 0.05 to30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of a crystalline resin.Preferred are 0.1 to 10 parts by weight. Particularly preferred forsufficient falls in crystallization temperature are 1 to 5 parts byweight.

As the crystalline resin used in the present invention, any crystallineresin that has a nucleating effect suppressing effect with the additionof the aforementioned nucleating-effect-suppressor can be used; forexample, polyamide resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin,polyethylene terephthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin,polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyether ether ketone resin and the likecan be mentioned. As preferable crystalline resins, polyamide resin,polyethylene terephthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin andpolyphenylene sulfide resin can be mentioned; particularly in polyamideresin, the effect of the present invention is remarkable. Thesecrystalline resins can be used singly or in combination of two kinds ormore.

Also, in the present invention, a copolymer or mixture mainly comprisinga polymer that constitutes these crystalline resins; a thermoplasticresin comprising an elastomer, such as a rubber or a rubber-like resin,formulated in these crystalline resins; a polymer alloy containing thesecrystalline resins at 10% by weight or more, and the like can also beused as crystalline resins. Copolymers of two kinds or more thereof, forexample, polyamide 6/66, polyamide 6/66/610, polyamide 6/66/11/12 andthe like, can also be used. Also, the crystalline resin used in thepresent invention may be an alloy comprising two kinds or more ofsynthetic resins mixed. As examples of such alloys, polyamide/polyesteralloy, polyamide/polyphenylene oxide alloy, polyamide/polycarbonatealloy, polyamide/polyolefin alloy, polyamide/polystyrene/acrylonitrilealloy, polyamide/acrylic acid ester alloy, polyamide/silicon alloy andthe like can be mentioned.

As specific examples of the above-described polyamide resin (nylon),polyamide 6 resin, polyamide 11 resin, polyamide 12 resin, polyamide 46resin, polyamide 66 resin, polyamide 69 resin, polyamide 610 resin,polyamide 612 resin, polyamide 96 resin, polyamide MXD6 resin, polyamideRIM resin and the like can be mentioned.

The crystalline resin composition of the present invention may beformulated with various additives, in order to confer a desiredcharacteristic according to the purpose thereof. As examples of suchadditives, colorants, crystal nucleating agents, mold-releasing agents,lubricants, dispersing agents, fillers, stabilizers, plasticizers,modifiers, ultraviolet absorbents or optical stabilizers, antioxidants,antistatic agents, flame retardants, elastomers for improving impactresistance, and the like can be mentioned.

The fibrous reinforcing material is not subject to limitation; any oneusable as a reinforcing material for conventional synthetic resins canbe used appropriately according to the intended use and purpose thereof.As examples of such fibrous reinforcing materials, glass fiber, carbonfiber and various organic fibers can be mentioned. For example, in thecase of glass fiber, the content thereof is preferably 5 to 120 parts byweight per 100 parts by weight of a crystalline resin. If the content isless than 5 parts by weight, a sufficient glass fiber reinforcing effectis difficult to obtain; if the content exceeds 120 parts by weight, themoldability is likely to decrease. Preferably, the content is 10 to 60parts by weight, particularly preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight.

As the aforementioned colorant, inorganic pigments, organic pigments ororganic dyes and the like can be used. As specific examples of usablecolorants, inorganic or organic pigments such as carbon black,quinophthalone, Hansa Yellow, Rhodamine 6G Lake, quinacridone, RoseBengale, copper Phthalocyanine Blue and copper Phthalocyanine Green,various oil-soluble dyes or disperse dyes such as azo dyes,quinophthalone dyes, anthraquinone dyes, xanthene dyes, triphenylmethanedyes and phthalocyanine dyes, and dyes and pigments modified with higherfatty acids, synthetic resins or the like, and the like can bementioned. By combining the colorless or light-colorednucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention and variouschromatic organic pigments, a full-color molded product with appropriatelight fastness and heat resistance and good appearance and gloss isobtained.

As the aforementioned the crystal nucleating agent, inorganicmicroparticles such as mica, talc, kaolin, wollastonite, silica andgraphite, inorganic fibers such as glass fiber and carbon fiber (thosecommonly used in crystalline resins can be used, not subject tolimitation concerning fiber diameter and length), metal oxides such asmagnesium oxide and aluminum oxide, and the like can be mentioned.

As examples of the mold releasing agent or lubricant, carboxylic acidssuch as stearic acid, palmitic acid and montanic acid, amides such asethylene bis-stearylamide and methylene bis-stearylamide, carboxylicacid esters such as octyl stearate, stearic glyceride and montanic acidester, carboxylic acid metal salts such as calcium stearate, aluminumstearate, barium stearate and partially saponified calcium salt ofmontanic acid ester, alcohols such as stearyl alcohol, waxes such aspolyethylene wax and polyethylene oxide can be mentioned.

As examples of the ultraviolet absorbent or optical stabilizer,benzotriazole compounds, benzophenone compounds, salicylate compounds,cyanoacrylate compounds, benzoate compounds, oxalide compounds, hinderedamine compounds, nickel complex salts and the like can be mentioned.

As examples of the flame retardant, halogen-containing compounds such astetrabromobisphenol A derivatives, hexabromodiphenyl ether andtetrabromophthalic anhydride; phosphorus-containing compounds such astriphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphite, red phosphorus and ammoniumpolyphosphate; nitrogen-containing compounds such as urea and guanidine;silicon-containing compounds such as silicon oil, organic silane andaluminum silicate; antimony compounds such as antimony trioxide andantimony phosphate; and the like can be mentioned.

The crystalline resin composition of the present invention can beobtained by formulating raw materials using an optionally chosen methodof formulation. It is usually preferable that these ingredients arehomogenized to the maximum possible extent. Specifically, for example,by blending and homogenizing all raw materials in a mechanical mixersuch as a blender, a kneader, a Banbury mixer, a roll mixer or anextruder, a crystalline resin composition can be obtained, or byblending some raw materials in a mechanical mixer and thereafter addingthe remaining ingredients and further blending and homogenizing the rawmaterials, a crystalline resin composition can also be obtained. Also,previously dry-blended raw materials may be kneaded and homogenized in amolten state in a heated extruder, then extruded into a needle, whichneedle is then cut into desired length to yield a colored granularproduct (colored pellets). Also, a desired master batch can be obtainedby an optionally chosen method using the crystalline resin compositionof the present invention.

Molding of the crystalline resin composition of the present inventioncan be conducted by various procedures in common use. For example,pellets of the crystalline resin composition can be molded using aprocessing machine such as an extruder, an injection molding machine ora roll mill. Also, the crystalline resin composition of the presentinvention can also be molded by blending crystalline resin pellets orpowder, a milled colorant, and where necessary various additives, in anappropriate mixer, and molding this blend using a processing machine. Itis also possible, for example, that a blend of a colorant and a monomercontaining an appropriated polymerization catalyst is polymerized toobtain a desired crystalline resin and then the desired crystallineresin is molded by an appropriate method. As examples of the method ofmolding, any commonly used method of molding, such as injection molding,extrusion molding, compression molding, foaming molding, blow molding,vacuum molding, injection blow molding, rotation molding and calendermolding, can be adopted.

According to the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present inventionand the method of the present invention of controlling thecrystallization of a crystalline resin composition, the action of anucleating agent can be suppressed by lowering the crystallizationtemperature and crystallization rate of the crystalline resin. When acolorant, a fibrous reinforcing material or another additive that actsas a nucleating agent to cause a rise of crystallization temperature anda reduction in the surface gloss/appearance of the molded product iscontained in the crystalline resin composition, because their actions asnucleating agents can be suppressed by using thenucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention or the method ofthe present invention of controlling the crystallization of acrystalline resin composition, the range of acceptance of crystallineresin composition design broadens and it becomes possible to adapt to awide range of applications. Also, because thenucleating-effect-suppressor in the present invention is colorless,light-colored or otherwise variously colored, the range of acceptance incolor design in coloring the crystalline resin is broad.

Referring to the crystalline resin composition of the present invention,the crystallization temperature falls (by, for example, 4° C. or more)compared to the original crystalline resin, which does not contain anucleating-effect-suppressor, and the crystallization rate falls. Hence,because the shrinkage of the molded product due to cooling decreases sothat molding dimensional accuracy improves, and also because theanisotropy of the strength of the molded product decreases favorably sothat excellent dimensional stability during heating is exhibited, thecrystalline resin composition of the present invention is extremelyeffective in manufacturing a precise molded product under rigorousrequirements of dimensional accuracy. Also, because the temperature ofthe mold for molding can be lowered during molding, the molded productcooling time can be shortened and mold temperature adjustment isfacilitated, so that mold temperature adjustment equipment costs can bereduced and molding of a large molded product can be conducted withrelatively small equipment. Also, because thenucleating-effect-suppressor contained in the crystalline resincomposition of the present invention is colorless, light-colored orotherwise variously colored, the range of acceptance in color design incoloring the crystalline resin composition is broad.

EXAMPLES

Next, the present invention is specifically described by means ofexamples; however, of course, the present invention is not limited tothese examples. Note that in the description below, “part(s) by weight”is abbreviated as “part(s)”. Preparation of measuring samples andmeasurement of ΔT⁰ _(C) of control sample (sample of polyamide 66 alone)150 g of polyamide 66 (manufactured by Du Pont, trade name: Zytel 101L)was admixed with 1160 g of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, and dissolved withheating (about 70° C.). This solution was filtered through Kiriyamafilter paper No. 5A while remaining hot. After the filtrate wasdissolved in 3 liters of chloroform, 1 liter of methanol was added to itto gelatinize the filtrate. After this gel was filtered through Kiriyamafilter paper No. 5A while remaining hot, it was dispersed in 3 liters ofmethanol. A powder obtained by filtering this dispersion wasvacuum-dried at 70° C. for 15 hours or longer to yield purifiedpolyamide 66.

100 parts of the purified polyamide 66 (crystalline resin) and 10 to 30parts (10 parts, unless otherwise specified) of thenucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention (example compoundsshown in the individual tables below) or a comparative example compoundwere dissolved in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol with heating. This was placedin a petri dish, allowed to stand at room temperature to evaporate the2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, and then it was dried using a vacuum dryer at70° C. for 15 hours or longer to yield a measuring sample. In the caseof example compounds or comparative example compounds that do notdissolve in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol with heating, samples for measuringwere prepared as described below.

100 parts of the purified polyamide 66 and 10 to 30 parts of an examplecompound or a comparative example compound were added to2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and heated to dissolve the polyamide 66. Saidcompound was dispersed using ultrasonic wave, tetrahydrofuran was thenadded to make a gel-like dispersion, and this dispersion was placed in apetri dish and allowed to stand at room temperature to evaporate the2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and tetrahydrofuran. Subsequently, the dispersionwas dried using a vacuum dryer at 70° C. for 15 hours or longer to yielda measuring sample.

For control, the purified polyamide 66 alone was dissolved in2,2,2-trifluoroethanol with heating and thereafter placed in a petridish and allowed to stand at room temperature. After the2,2,2-trifluoroethanol was evaporated, the obtained solid was driedusing a vacuum dryer at 70° C. for 15 hours or longer to yield a controlsample.

In the present specification, the above-described sample preparationtreatment is referred to as the cast method; in the Examples andComparative Examples below, samples were prepared using this method.

For each measuring sample and control sample, the crystallizationtemperature (T_(CP)), extrapolated crystallization initiationtemperature (T_(CIP)) and extrapolated crystallization end temperature(T_(CEP)) were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter(manufactured by SEIKO INSTRUMENTS INC., trade name: DSC6200, COOLINGCONTROLLER). In this thermal analysis, a cycle of heating from 20° C. to300° C. at 20° C./min, maintaining 300° C. for 3 minutes, and thencooling from 300° C. to 20° C. at 10° C./min, was repeated five times.From the measurement data of extrapolated crystallization initiationtemperature (T_(CIP)) and extrapolated crystallization end temperature(T_(CEP)) obtained for each measuring sample, the crystallizationtemperature range (ΔT_(C)) [difference between extrapolatedcrystallization end temperature and extrapolated crystallizationinitiation temperature] was calculated. Measurement results (for allnumerical values, the unit is ° C.) are shown in Table 1 to Table 20.The measured values of T_(CP), T_(CIP), T_(CEP) and ΔT_(C) for eachexample compound and each comparative example compound, shown in Table 1to Table 20, were obtained as described above.

Likewise, for the control sample, the crystallization temperature (T⁰_(CP)), extrapolated crystallization initiation temperature (T⁰ _(CIP))and extrapolated crystallization end temperature (T⁰ _(CEP)) weremeasured, and the crystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) wascalculated.

Crystallization temperature falls were judged by ΔT_(CP) (ΔT_(CP)=T⁰_(CP)−T_(CP)) and crystallization rate falls were judged by comparingΔT_(C) and ΔT⁰ _(C) (ΔΔT_(C)=T_(C)−T⁰ _(C)).

The crystallization temperature (T_(CP)) was determined using the meanof four values from the second to fifth measurements, out of measuredvalues obtained by repeating heating and cooling using the differentialscanning calorimeter. The extrapolated crystallization initiationtemperature (T_(CIP)) and extrapolated crystallization end temperature(T_(CEP)) were determined using the mean of values from theaforementioned second to fifth measurements at the time of each coolingmeasurement.

For the control sample, the crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)),extrapolated crystallization initiation temperature (T⁰ _(CIP)) andextrapolated crystallization end temperature (T⁰ _(CEP)) were determinedin the same manner as the aforementioned one, as described below.

-   T⁰ _(CP)=232.8° C.-   T⁰ _(CIP)=236.0° C.-   T⁰ _(CEP)=226.5° C.-   ΔT⁰ _(C)=9.5° C.

Examples 1 to 56 pertain to Example Compounds 1 to 56, and ExampleCompounds 1 to 56 contain a molecular structure similar to the molecularstructures of Comparative Example Compounds 1 to 20 in ComparativeExamples 1 to 20. Comparison between these example compounds andcomparative example compounds in terms of falls in crystallizationtemperature and crystallization rate demonstrates the effectiveness ofthe nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention.

Examples 1 to 20 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2

By Examples 1 to 20 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, aminonaphthalenestructures were comparatively investigated. The structures of theindividual example compounds and the individual comparative examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 1 Example Example Compound BasicStructure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) ComparativeComparative Example 232.2 0.6 235.2 226.8 8.4 −1.1 Example 1 Compound1Example 1 Example Compound1 Basic Structure24 218.5 14.3 225.2 211.613.6 4.1 Example 2 Example Compound2 Basic Structure61 218.6 14.2 227.3211.5 15.8 6.3 Example 3 Example Compound3 Basic Structure76 223.6 9.2230.2 217.7 12.5 3.0 Example 4 Example Compound4 Basic Structure85 225.67.2 231.6 219.8 11.8 2.3 Comparative Comparative Example 232.0 0.8 235.4227.2 8.2 −1.3 Example 2 Compound2 Example 5 Example Compound5 BasicStructure1 227.7 5.1 232.3 220.6 11.7 2.2 Example 6 Example Compound6Basic Structure9 227.3 5.5 233.0 221.4 11.6 2.1 Example 7 ExampleCompound7 Basic Structure10 227.6 5.2 232.1 220.2 11.9 2.4 Example 8Example Compound8 Basic Structure11 227.5 5.3 232.4 220.8 11.6 2.1Example 9 Example Compound9 Basic Structure24 219.3 13.5 226.7 211.015.7 6.2 Example 10 Example Compound10 Basic Structure41 218.4 14.4227.1 211.8 15.3 5.8 Example 11 Example Compound11 Basic Structure90224.7 8.1 230.1 217.0 13.1 3.6 Example 12 Example Compound12 BasicStructure91 223.9 8.9 229.1 216.7 12.4 2.9 Example 13 Example Compound13Basic Structure64 224.3 8.5 229.7 216.3 13.4 3.9 Example 14 ExampleCompound14 Basic Structure70 216.8 16.0 225.4 209.2 16.2 6.7 Example 15Example Compound15 Basic Structure76 219.9 12.9 229.1 212.9 16.2 6.7Example 16 Example Compound16 Basic Structure84 222.3 10.5 232.0 215.916.1 6.6 Example 17 Example Compound17 Basic Structure79 221.6 11.2228.0 215.4 12.6 3.1 Example 18 Example Compound18 Basic Structure82222.2 10.6 228.3 215.2 13.1 3.6 Example 19 Example Compound19 BasicStructure91 225.1 7.7 231.6 219.3 12.3 2.8 Example 20 Example Compound20Basic Structure93 223.2 9.6 229.1 216.4 12.7 3.2 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 1)

(Example Compound 1)

(Example Compound 2)

(Example Compound 3)

(Example Compound 4)

(Comparative Example Compound 2)

(Example Compound 5)

(Example Compound 6)

(Example Compound 7)

(Example Compound 8)

(Example Compound 9)

(Example Compound 10)

(Example Compound 11)

(Example Compound 12)

(Example Compound 13)

(Example Compound 14)

(Example Compound 15)

(Example Compound 16)

(Example Compound 17)

(Example Compound 18)

(Example Compound 19)

(Example Compound 20)

Comparative Investigation of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1

Examples 1 to 4 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three or four 6-membered rings or 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring, and containing a1-aminonaphthalene structure in a portion thereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 1 to 4 are +7.2 to +14.3° C.;significant falls in the crystallization temperature are observed.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 1 to 4expanded by +2.3 to +6.3° C. compared to the crystallization temperaturerange (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66 (control: originalcrystalline resin), showing that the crystallization rate fell. It isalso shown that the extrapolated crystallization initiation temperature(T_(CIP)) is lower than that of the original crystalline resin, and thatthe nucleus induction period lengthened very much. Therefore, thecompounds of Examples 1 to 4 possess a remarkable function as anucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Example 1 is +0.6° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is −1.1° C. compared to the control (original crystallineresin), and the crystallization rate rose slightly. Therefore, thecompound of Comparative Example 1 does not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather works as a nucleating agent.

As stated above, it is found that the compounds having a polycyclicstructure wherein a total of three or four 6-membered rings or5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to form condensed ringpossess a function of nucleation suppressing effect, and that thecompounds wherein a total of two 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring do not possess a function of anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Investigation of Examples 5 to 20 and Comparative Example 2

Examples 5 to 20 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three or four 6-membered rings or 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring, and containing a2-aminonaphthalene structure in a portion thereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 5 to 20 are +5.1 to +16.0° C.;the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 5 to20 expanded by +2.1 to +6.7° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell. It is also shown that the extrapolated crystallizationinitiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that of the originalcrystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction period lengthened verymuch. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 5 to 20 possess a remarkablefunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Example 2 is +0.8° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is −1.3° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin), and the crystallization rate rose slightly.Therefore, the compound of Comparative Example 2 does not possess afunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather works as anucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three or four 6-membered rings or 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring possess a function ofnucleation suppressing effect, and the compounds wherein a total of two6-membered rings are condensed to form condensed ring do not possess afunction of a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 21 and 22 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4

By Examples 21 and 22 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4,methylcarbonaphthalene structures were comparatively investigated. Thestructures of the individual example compounds and the individualcomparative example compounds are as follows. TABLE 2 Example ExampleCompound Basic Structure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ ΔT_(C) Comparative Comparative Example 231.7 1.8 235.6 225.6 9.0 −0.5Example 3 Compound3 Comparative Comparative Example 231.8 1.0 234.7226.2 8.5 −1.0 Example 4 Compound4 Example 21 Example Compound21 BasicStructure39 223.7 9.2 229.1 215.6 13.5 4.0 Example 22 Example Compound22Basic Structure76 214.7 18.1 230.1 215.7 14.5 5.0 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 3)

(Comparative Example Compound 4)

(Example Compound 21)

(Example Compound 22)

Examples 21 and 22 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three or four 6-membered rings are condensed to form condensedring, and containing a methylcarbonaphthalene structure in a portionthereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 21 and 22 are +9.2 and +18.1°C.; the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 21 and22 expanded by +4.0 and +5.0° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell. It is also shown that the extrapolated crystallizationinitiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that of the originalcrystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction period lengthened verymuch. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 21 and 22 possess aremarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Examples 3 and 4 are +1.8 and +1.0° C.; there is almost nochange in crystallization temperature. The crystallization temperatureranges (ΔT_(C)) are −0.5 and −1.0° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control(original crystalline resin), and the crystallization rate roseslightly. Therefore, the compounds of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 donot possess a function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor, and ratherwork as a nucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three or four 6-membered rings are condensed to form condensedring possess a function of nucleation suppressing effect, whereas thecompounds wherein a total of two 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring do not possess a function of anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 23 to 29 and Comparative Examples 5 to 7

By Examples 23 to 29 and Comparative Examples 5 to 7, chromone(1-benzopyran-4(4H)-one) structures were comparatively investigated. Thestructures of the individual example compounds and the individualcomparative example compounds are as follows. TABLE 3 Example ExampleCompound Basic Structure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ ΔT_(C) Comparative Comparative Example 231.1 1.7 234.3 225.1 9.2 −0.3Example 5 Compound5 Comparative Comparative Example 230.9 2.0 233.7223.7 10.0 0.5 Example 6 Compound6 Comparative Comparative Example 230.82.0 234.5 224.6 9.9 0.4 Example 7 Compound7 Example 23 ExampleCompound23 Basic Structure2 227.4 5.4 232.6 219.7 12.9 3.4 Example 24Example Compound24 Basic Structure25 224.7 8.1 228.9 216.5 12.4 2.9Example 25 Example Compound25 Basic Structure25 227.0 5.8 231.2 219.112.1 2.6 Example 26 Example Compound26 Basic Structure29 227.0 5.8 231.8219.9 11.9 2.4 Example 27 Example Compound27 Basic Structure41 224.2 8.6230.7 218.4 12.3 2.8 Example 28 Example Compound28 Basic Structure42227.7 5.1 232.2 220.7 11.5 2.0 Example 29 Example Compound29 BasicStructure42 220.9 11.9 229.5 213.4 16.1 6.6 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 5)

(Comparative Example Compound 6)

(Comparative Example Compound 7)

(Example Compound 23)

(Example Compound 24)

(Example Compound 25)

(Example Compound 26)

(Example Compound 27)

(Example Compound 28)

(Example Compound 29)

Examples 23 to 29 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 6-membered rings or 5-membered and 6-membered rings arecondensed to form condensed ring, and containing a chromone(1-benzopyran-4(4H)-one) structure in a portion thereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 23 to 29 are +5.1 to +11.9° C.;the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 23 to29 expanded by +2.0 to +6.6° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell significantly. It is also shown that the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that ofthe original crystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction periodlengthened very much. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 23 to 29possess a remarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Examples 5 to 7 are +2.0 to +1.7° C.; there is almost nochange in crystallization temperature. The crystallization temperatureranges (ΔT_(C)) are −0.3 to +0.5° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control(original crystalline resin), and the crystallization rate remainedalmost unchanged or rose slightly. Therefore, the compounds ofComparative Examples 5 to 7 do not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather work as a nucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 6-membered rings or 5-membered and 6-membered rings arecondensed to form condensed ring possess a function of nucleationsuppressing effect, and the compounds wherein a total of two 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring do not possess a function ofa nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Examples 8 to 10 and Examples 30 to 33

By Examples 1 to 20 and Comparative Examples 8 to 10 and 2, coumarinstructures were comparatively investigated. The structures of theindividual example compounds and the individual comparative examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 4 Example Example Compound BasicStructure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) ComparativeComparative Example 231.7 1.1 235.0 226.1 8.9 −0.6 Example 8 Compound8Comparative Comparative Example 230.9 1.9 234.0 224.7 9.3 −0.2 Example 9Compound9 Comparative Comparative Example 230.7 2.1 233.9 224.0 10.0 0.5Example 10 Compound10 Example 30 Example Compound30 Basic Structure3226.3 6.5 230.4 218.2 12.2 2.7 Example 31 Example Compound31 224.0 8.8230.8 219.0 11.8 2.3 Example 32 Example Compound32 Basic Structure43223.5 9.3 231.3 218.2 13.1 3.6 Example 33 Example Compound33 BasicStructure73 224.0 8.8 230.6 218.0 12.6 3.1 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 8)

(Comparative Example Compound 9)

(Comparative Example Compound 10)

(Example Compound 30)

(Example Compound 31)

(Example Compound 32)

(Example Compound 33)

Examples 30 to 33 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three or four 6-membered rings or 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring, and containing a coumarinstructure in a portion thereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 30 to 33 are +9.3 to +6.5° C.;the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 30 to33 expanded by +2.3 to +3.6° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell significantly. It is also shown that the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that ofthe original crystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction periodlengthened very much. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 30 to 33possess a remarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Example 8 is +1.1° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is −0.6° C. compared to the control (original crystallineresin), and the crystallization rate rose slightly. Therefore, thecompound of Comparative Example 8 does not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather works as a nucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three or four 6-membered rings or 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring possess a function ofnucleation suppressing effect, and the compounds having a polycyclicstructure wherein a total of two 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring do not possess a function of anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Also, Comparative Examples 9 and 10 are compounds wherein 5-memberedrings or 6-membered rings are linked to coumarin via single bonds.

The crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) of Comparative Examples9 and 10 are +1.9 and +2.1° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature ranges(ΔT_(C)) are −0.2 and +0.5° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control(original crystalline resin), there is almost no change incrystallization rate. Therefore, the compounds of Comparative Examples 9and 10 do not possess a function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

As stated above, it is found that even when the total number of5-membered or higher rings is three, the compounds wherein the totalnumber of rings has become three as rings such as aromatic rings orheterocyclic rings, for example, are linked via single bonds, likeComparative Examples 9 and 10, do not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Also, as shown in Examples 31 and 33, even compounds having an alicyclicstructure in the structures thereof possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 34 to 45 and Comparative Examples 11 to 13

By Examples 34 to 45 and Comparative Examples 11 to 13, quinolinestructures were comparatively investigated. The structures of theindividual example compounds and the individual comparative examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 5 Example Example Compound BasicStructure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) ComparativeComparative Example 230.9 1.9 234.2 225.5 8.7 −0.8 Example 11 Compound11Example 34 Example Compound34 Basic Structure34 219.7 13.1 228.7 212.716.0 6.5 Example 35 Example Compound35 Basic Structure46 222.5 10.3228.3 215.1 13.2 3.7 Comparative Comparative Example 231.6 1.2 235.2225.8 9.4 −0.1 Example 12 Compound12 Example 36 Example Compound36 BasicStructure47 213.2 19.7 225.4 204.9 20.5 11.0 Example 37 ExampleCompound37 Basic Structure47 225.5 7.3 230.8 218.4 12.4 2.9 Example 38Example Compound38 Basic Structure47 228.6 4.3 233.1 221.2 11.9 2.4Example 39 Example Compound39 Basic Structure47 225.7 7.1 231.9 218.513.4 3.9 Example 40 Example Compound40 Basic Structure47 221.1 11.8229.0 212.1 17.0 7.5 Example 41 Example Compound41 Basic Structure47215.9 16.9 225.8 207.8 18.0 8.5 Example 42 Example Compound42 BasicStructure48 225.6 7.2 230.5 218.5 12.0 2.5 Example 43 Example Compound43Basic Structure49 223.4 9.4 229.7 215.6 14.1 4.6 Example 44 ExampleCompound44 Basic Structure69 218.3 14.5 226.8 211.8 15.0 5.5 ComparativeComparative Example 231.9 0.9 235.2 225.5 9.8 0.3 Example 13 Compound13Example 45 Example Compound45 Basic Structure111 224.7 8.1 231.1 215.515.6 6.1 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 11)

(Example Compound 34)

(Example Compound 35)

(Comparative Example Compound 12)

(Example Compound 36)

(Example Compound 37)

(Example Compound 38)

(Example Compound 39)

(Example Compound 40)

(Example Compound 41)

(Example Compound 42)

(Example Compound 43)

(Example Compound 44)

(Comparative Example Compound 13)

(Example Compound 45)

Examples 34 to 45 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three, four or five 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring, and containing a quinoline structure in a portionthereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 34 to 45 are +4.3 to +19.7° C.;significant crystallization temperature falls are observed.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 34 to45 expanded by +2.5 to +11.0° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell significantly. It is also shown that the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that ofthe original crystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction periodlengthened very much. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 34 to 45possess a remarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Example 11 is +1.9° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is −0.8, (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin); the crystallization rate rose slightly. Therefore,the compound of Comparative Example 11 does not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather works as a nucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three, four or five 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring possess a function of nucleation suppressing effect,whereas the compounds wherein a total of two 6-membered rings arecondensed to form condensed ring do not possess a function of anucleating-effect-suppressor.

The crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) of Comparative Example 12is +1.2° C.; there is almost no change in crystallization temperature.The crystallization temperature range (ΔT_(C)) differed by −0.1° C.(ΔΔT_(C)) from the control (original crystalline resin), and there is nochange in crystallization rate. Therefore, the compound of ComparativeExample 12 does not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the compound of Example 36 is a phenanthrolinstructure having a polycyclic structure wherein the portion containingthe single bond that links two single rings in the compound ofComparative Example 12 is cyclized, and this compound of Example 36possessed a remarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.(Example 36 ΔT_(CP): +19.7° C., ΔΔT_(C): +11.0° C.; Comparative Example12ΔT_(CP): +1.2° C., ΔΔT_(C): −0.1° C.)

Likewise, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) of the compoundof Comparative Example 13 (2,2′-biquinoline) is +0.9° C.; there isalmost no change in crystallization temperature. The crystallizationtemperature range (ΔT_(C)) is +0.3° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control(original crystalline resin), and the crystallization rates are nearlyequal. Therefore, the compound of Comparative Example 13 does notpossess a function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

The compound of Example 45 has a structure wherein the portioncontaining the single bond that links two ring structures with two6-membered rings condensed to form condensed ring in the compound ofComparative Example 13 is cyclized, and this compound of Example 45possessed a function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor. (Example45ΔT_(CP): +8.1° C., ΔΔT_(C): +6.1° C.; Comparative Example 13ΔT_(CP):+0.9° C., A ΔT_(C): 0.3° C.)

Examples 46 to 50 and Comparative Examples 14 to 17

By Examples 46 to 50 and Comparative Examples 14 to 17, maleic anhydridestructures were comparatively investigated. The structures of theindividual example compounds and the individual comparative examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 6 Example Example Compound BasicStructure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) ComparativeComparative Example 232.3 0.5 234.6 225.0 9.6 0.1 Example 14 Compound14Comparative Comparative Example 231.0 1.8 233.8 224.2 9.6 0.1 Example 15Compound15 Example 46 Example Compound46 Basic Structure52 226.5 6.3231.4 219.3 12.1 2.6 Example 47 Example Compound47 Basic Structure4227.4 5.4 232.1 220.4 11.7 2.2 Comparative Comparative Example 233.1−0.3 235.9 227.0 8.9 −0.6 Example 16 Compound16 Example 48 ExampleCompound48 Basic Structure53 226.9 5.9 231.1 219.5 11.6 2.1 Example 49Example Compound49 Basic Structure6 227.7 5.1 231.8 220.1 11.7 2.2Comparative Comparative Example 233.5 −0.7 236.9 227.1 9.8 0.3 Example17 Compound17 Example 50 Example Compound50 Basic Structure7 227.4 5.4232.7 220.7 12.0 2.5 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 14)

(Comparative Example Compound 15)

(Example Compound 46)

(Example Compound 47)

(Comparative Example Compound 16)

(Example Compound 48)

(Example Compound 49)

(Comparative Example Compound 17)

(Example Compound 50)

Comparative Investigation of Examples 46 and 47 and Comparative Examples14 and 15

Examples 46 and 47 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring, and containing a maleic anhydride structure in a portionthereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 46 and 47 are +6.3 and +5.4° C.(ΔΔT_(C)); the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 46 and47 expanded by +2.6 and +2.2° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell significantly. It is also shown that the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that ofthe original crystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction periodlengthened very much. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 46 and 47possess a remarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Example 14 is +0.5° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is +0.1° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin), and crystallization rate remains almost unchanged.Therefore, the compound of Comparative Example 14 does not possess afunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring possess a function of nucleation suppressing effect,whereas the compounds wherein a total of two 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring do not possess a function ofa nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Also, Comparative Example 15 is a compound wherein two aromatic ringsare linked to maleic anhydride via single bonds. The crystallizationtemperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) of this Comparative Example 15 is +1.8° C.;there is almost no change in crystallization temperature. Thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT_(C)) is +0.1° C. (ΔΔT_(C))compared to the control (original crystalline resin), and thecrystallization rate remains almost unchanged. Therefore, the compoundof Comparative Example 15 does not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring possess a function of nucleation suppressing effect,whereas the compounds having a total of three 5-membered or higherrings, one of which, however, is linked to any other ring via a singlebond, like Comparative Example 15, do not possess a function of anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Investigation of Examples 48 and 49 and Comparative Example16

Examples 48 and 49 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 48 and 49 are +5.9 and +5.1° C.;the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature range (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 48 and49 expanded by +2.1 and +2.2° C. compared to the crystallizationtemperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallization rate fellsignificantly. It is also shown that the extrapolated crystallizationinitiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that of the originalcrystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction period lengthened verymuch. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 48 and 49 possess aremarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Example 16 is −0.3° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is −0.6° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin), and the crystallization rate rose slightly.Therefore, the compound of Comparative Example 16 does not possess afunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather works as anucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring have a function of nucleation suppressing effect, whereasthe compounds wherein a total of two 5-membered and 6-membered rings arecondensed to form condensed ring, like Comparative Example 16, do notpossess a function of a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Investigation of Example 50 and Comparative Example 17

Example 50 is a compound having a polycyclic structure wherein a totalof three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to form condensedring.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) in Example 50 is +5.4° C.; thecrystallization temperature fell.

Also, the crystallization temperature range (ΔT_(C)) of Example 50expanded by +2.5° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the crystallizationtemperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallization rate fellsignificantly. It is also shown that the extrapolated crystallizationinitiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that of the originalcrystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction period lengthened verymuch. Therefore, the compound of Example 50 possesses a remarkablefunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Example 17 is −0.7° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is +0.3° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin), and the crystallization rate rose slightly.Therefore, the compound of Comparative Example 17 does not possess afunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring possess a function of nucleation suppressing effect,whereas the compounds wherein a total of two 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring do not possess a function ofa nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Example 51 and Comparative Examples 18 to 20

By Example 51 and Comparative Examples 18 to 20, benzothiazolestructures were comparatively investigated. The structures of theindividual example compounds and the individual comparative examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 7 Example Example Compound BasicStructure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) ComparativeComparative Example 232.1 0.7 235.4 226.4 9.0 −0.5 Example 18 Compound18Comparative Comparative Example 232.4 0.4 235.1 226.0 9.1 −0.4 Example19 Compound19 Comparative Comparative Example 233.3 −0.5 236.0 227.1 8.9−0.6 Example 20 Compound20 Example 51 Example Compound51 BasicStructure5 227.6 5.2 232.8 220.2 12.6 3.1 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 18)

(Comparative Example Compound 19)

(Comparative Example Compound 20)

(Example Compound 51)

Example 51 is a compound having a polycyclic structure wherein a totalof three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to form condensedring, and containing a benzothiazole structure in a portion thereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) in Example 51 is +5.2° C.; thecrystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature range (ΔT_(C)) of Example 51expanded by +3.11° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the crystallizationtemperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallization rate fellsignificantly. It is also shown that the extrapolated crystallizationinitiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that of the originalcrystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction period lengthened verymuch. Therefore, the compound of Example 51 possesses a remarkablefunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Examples 18 and 19 are +0.7 and +0.4° C.; there is almost nochange in crystallization temperature. The crystallization temperatureranges (ΔT_(C)) are −0.5 and −0.4° C. compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin), and the crystallization rate remained almostunchanged or rose slightly. Therefore, the compounds of ComparativeExamples 18 and 19 do not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather work as a nucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring possess a function of nucleation suppressing effect,whereas the compounds wherein a total of two 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring do not possess a function ofa nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Also, Comparative Example 20 is a compound wherein aromatic rings arelinked to benzothiazole via single bonds (the total number of rings isthree). The crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) of thisComparative Example 20 is −0.5° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is −0.6° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin), and the crystallization rate rose slightly.Therefore, the compound of Comparative Example 20 does not possess afunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather works as anucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a total of three 5-membered orhigher rings, one of which, however, is linked to any other ring via asingle bond, do not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 52 to 56 and Comparative Examples 21 and 22

By Examples 52 to 56 and Comparative Examples 21 and 22, indenestructures were comparatively investigated. The structures of theindividual example compounds and the individual comparative examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 8 Example Example Compound BasicStructure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) ComparativeComparative Example 232.1 0.7 235.1 227.0 8.1 −1.4 Example 21 Compound21Comparative Comparative Example 232.4 0.4 234.7 227.2 7.5 −2.0 Example22 Compound22 Example 52 Example Compound52 Basic Structure18 220.7 12.1228.9 213.1 15.8 6.3 Example 53 Example Compound53 Basic Structure18229.5 3.3 228.1 211.9 16.2 6.7 Example 54 Example Compound54 BasicStructure18 222.7 10.1 229.8 215.0 14.8 5.3 Example 55 ExampleCompound55 Basic Structure51 223.3 9.5 230.1 217.3 12.8 3.3 Example 56Example Compound56 Basic Structure57 222.1 10.7 228.4 215.7 12.7 3.2Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 21)

(Comparative Example Compound 22)

(Example Compound 52)

(Example Compound 53)

(Example Compound 54)

(Example Compound 55)

(Example Compound 56)

Examples 52 to 56 are compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring, and containing an indene structure in a portion thereof.

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 52 to 56 are +9.5 to +12.1° C.;the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 52 to56 expanded by +3.2 to +6.7° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell significantly. It is also shown that the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that ofthe original crystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction periodlengthened very much. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 52 to 56possess a remarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

On the other hand, the crystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) ofComparative Example 21 is +0.7° C.; there is almost no change incrystallization temperature. The crystallization temperature range(ΔT_(C)) is −1.4° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin), and the crystallization rate rose slightly.Therefore, the compound of Comparative Example 21 does not possess afunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

As stated above, the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein atotal of three 5-membered and 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring possess a function of nucleation suppressing effect,whereas the compounds wherein a total of two 5-membered and 6-memberedrings are condensed to form condensed ring do not possess a function ofa nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Example 22 is a compound wherein aromatic rings are linkedto indene via single bonds (the total number of rings is three). Thecrystallization temperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) of this Comparative Example22 is +0.4° C.; there is almost no change in crystallizationtemperature. The crystallization temperature range (ΔT_(C)) is −2.0° C.(ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (original crystalline resin), and thecrystallization rate rose slightly. Therefore, the compound ofComparative Example 22 does not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather works as a nucleating agent.

As stated above, the compounds having a total of three 5-membered orhigher rings, one of which, however, is linked to any other ring via asingle bond, like Comparative Example 22, do not possess a function of anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 57 to 98

Examples 57 to 98 pertain to Example Compounds 57 to 98, which have apolycyclic structure wherein three 5-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring. The structures of theindividual example compounds are as follows. TABLE 9 Example ExampleCompound Basic Structure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ ΔT_(C) Example 57 Example Compound57 227.5 5.3 233.4 221.2 12.2 2.7Example 58 Example Compound58 223.6 9.2 229.7 216.0 13.7 4.2 Example 59Example Compound59 Basic Structure19 227.4 5.4 233.2 221.6 11.6 2.1Example 60 Example Compound60 Basic Structure20 224.1 8.7 230.2 218.112.1 2.6 Example 61 Example Compound61 Basic Structure20 225.6 7.2 231.6218.9 12.7 3.2 Example 62 Example Compound62 Basic Structure20 226.6 6.2231.1 219.3 11.8 2.3 Example 63 Example Compound63 Basic Structure21226.4 6.4 232.6 220.7 11.9 2.4 Example 64 Example Compound64 BasicStructure21 227.7 5.1 233.9 221.5 12.4 2.9 Example 65 Example Compound65Basic Structure21 227.0 5.8 233.1 221.0 12.1 2.6 Example 66 ExampleCompound66 Basic Structure22 225.6 7.2 230.9 218.6 12.3 2.8 Example 67Example Compound67 Basic Structure23 227.1 5.7 232.6 221.1 11.5 2.0Example 68 Example Compound68 Basic Structure23 227.8 5.0 232.7 220.112.6 3.1 Example 69 Example Compound69 227.7 5.1 232.7 220.1 12.6 3.1Example 70 Example Compound70 Basic Structure26 225.6 7.2 231.0 219.311.7 2.2 Example 71 Example Compound71 Basic Structure27 224.1 8.8 232.6214.6 18.0 8.5 Example 72 Example Compound72 Basic Structure27 218.914.0 226.3 212.2 14.1 4.6 Example 73 Example Compound73 BasicStructure27 227.7 5.1 233.0 221.2 11.8 2.3 Example 74 Example Compound74Basic Structure28 220.6 12.2 227.8 212.7 15.1 5.6 Example 75 ExampleCompound75 Basic Structure30 226.6 6.2 231.7 219.0 12.7 3.2 Example 76Example Compound76 Basic Structure32 219.5 13.3 227.2 210.5 16.7 7.2Example 77 Example Compound77 Basic Structure33 218.9 13.9 227.0 211.515.5 6.0 Example 78 Example Compound78 Basic Structure33 219.5 13.3227.1 213.8 13.3 3.8 Example 79 Example Compound79 Basic Structure33224.3 8.5 230.5 217.5 13.0 3.5 Example 80 Example Compound81 BasicStructure35 223.3 9.5 229.5 216.5 13.0 3.5 Example 81 Example Compound81Basic Structure37 223.7 9.1 228.4 214.2 14.2 4.7 Example 82 ExampleCompound82 Basic Structure37 227.4 5.4 233.3 219.8 13.5 4.0 Example 83Example Compound83 Basic Structure38 219.6 13.2 228.1 212.3 15.8 6.3Example 84 Example Compound84 Basic Structure38 217.1 15.7 226.5 210.216.3 6.8 Example 85 Example Compound85 Basic Structure38 221.8 11.0226.7 211.9 14.8 5.3 Example 86 Example Compound86 219.6 13.2 227.3212.7 14.6 5.1 Example 87 Example Compound87 221.4 11.4 228.1 215.0 13.13.6 Example 88 Example Compound89 Basic Structure36 223.9 8.9 229.9217.2 12.7 3.2 Example 89 Example Compound89 Basic Structure41 226.9 5.9231.5 219.6 11.9 2.4 Example 90 Example Compound90 225.9 6.9 230.9 219.411.5 2.0 Example 91 Example Compound91 Basic Structure45 226.6 6.2 231.7217.3 14.4 4.9 Example 92 Example Compound92 Basic Structure54 227.4 5.4232.2 219.4 12.8 3.3 Example 93 Example Compound93 Basic Structure55227.6 5.2 232.2 219.8 12.4 2.9 Example 94 Example Compound94 226.9 5.9232.0 220.1 11.9 2.4 Example 95 Example Compound95 Basic Structure58226.7 6.1 233.1 221.0 12.1 2.6 Example 96 Example Compound96 225.6 7.2231.1 218.3 12.8 3.3 Example 97 Example Compound97 224.9 7.9 230.8 218.612.2 2.7 Example 98 Example Compound98 227.8 5.0 232.7 220.6 12.1 2.6Unit: ° C.

(Example Compound 57)

(Example Compound 58)

(Example Compound 59)

(Example Compound 60)

(Example Compound 61)

(Example Compound 62)

(Example Compound 63)

(Example Compound 64)

(Example Compound 65)

(Example Compound 66)

(Example Compound 67)

(Example Compound 68)

(Example Compound 69)

(Example Compound 70)

(Example Compound 71)

(Example Compound 72)

(Example Compound 73)

(Example Compound 74)

(Example Compound 75)

(Example Compound 76)

(Example Compound 77)

(Example Compound 78)

(Example Compound 79)

(Example Compound 80)

(Example Compound 81)

(Example Compound 82)

(Example Compound 83)

(Example Compound 84)

(Example Compound 85)

(Example Compound 86)

(Example Compound 87)

(Example Compound 88)

(Example Compound 89)

(Example Compound 90)

(Example Compound 91)

(Example Compound 92)

(Example Compound 93)

(Example Compound 94)

(Example Compound 95)

(Example Compound 96)

(Example Compound 97)

(Example Compound 98)

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 57 to 98 are +5.0 to +15.7° C.;the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 57 to98 expanded by +2.0 to +8.5° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT_(CP)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationtemperatures fell significantly. It is also shown that the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that ofthe original crystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction periodlengthened very much. Therefore, the compounds of Examples 57 to 98possess a remarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 99 and 100

Examples 99 and 100 pertain to Example Compounds 100 and 101, which havea polycyclic structure wherein three 4-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring. The structures of theindividual example compounds are as follows. TABLE 10 Example ExampleCompound Basic Structure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ ΔT_(C) Example 99 Example Compound99 Basic Structure50 226.0 6.8 232.6221.1 11.5 2.0 Example 100 Example Compound100 Basic Structure50 227.45.4 232.0 220.2 11.8 2.3 Unit: ° C.

(Example Compound 99)

(Example Compound 100)

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of polyamide 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 99 and 100 are +6.8 and +5.4°C.; the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 99 and100 expanded by +2.0 and +2.3° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of polyamide 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell significantly. It is also shown that the extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) is lower than that ofthe original crystalline resin, and that the nucleus induction periodlengthened very much. Therefore, these compounds possess a remarkablefunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Examples 23 to 114

By Examples 1 to 100 and Comparative Examples 1 to 22, the influences ofthe number of rings condensed to form condensed ring on crystallizationtemperature and crystallization rate have been comparativelyinvestigated on the basis of similarity in ring structure andsubstituent. As a result, when the number of rings condensed to formcondensed ring was two, there was almost no effect in lowering thecrystallization temperature and the crystallization rate, whereas whenthe number of rings condensed to form condensed ring exceeded three, adramatically significant effect was observed.

To further confirm such differences in nucleation suppressing effect dueto differences in the number of rings condensed to form condensed ring,the nucleation suppressing effects of compounds having a ring structureand a substituent that are similar to a ring structure and a substituentthat were found in Examples 1 to 100 were examined in ComparativeExamples 23 to 114. In Comparative Examples 23 to 32, structures havingthree rings, only two of which, however, are condensed to form condensedring, are shown; in Comparative Examples 33 to 40, structures havingthree rings, none of which, however, are condensed to form condensedring, are shown; in Comparative Examples 41 to 80, structures whereintwo rings are condensed to form condensed ring are shown; in ComparativeExamples 81 to 99, structures wherein two rings are not condensed toform condensed ring are shown; and in Comparative Examples 100 to 114,those having one ring is shown.

Comparative Examples 23 to 40

Comparative Examples 23 to 40 pertain to compounds having a total ofthree or more 5-membered and 6-membered rings, which three or more ringsare not condensed to form condensed ring, that is, compounds wherein acyclic structure wherein a 5-membered ring and a 6-membered ring or two6-membered rings are condensed to form condensed ring and a single ringare linked via a single bond (or are spiro-bound) or compounds wherein5-membered or 6-membered rings are linked to each other via singlebonds. The structures of the individual comparative example compoundsare as follows. TABLE 11 Comparative Example Comparative ExampleCompound T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) ComparativeExample23 Comparative Example Compound23 232.1 0.7 235.4 226.9 8.5 1.0Comparative Example24 Comparative Example Compound24 233.1 −0.3 236.2228.3 7.9 1.6 Comparative Example25 Comparative Example Compound25 233.0−0.2 236.5 227.8 8.7 0.8 Comparative Example26 Comparative ExampleCompound26 232.9 −0.1 236.2 228.3 7.9 1.6 Comparative Example27Comparative Example Compound27 232.5 0.3 235.9 227.6 8.3 1.2 ComparativeExample28 Comparative Example Compound28 231.0 1.8 233.9 224.9 9.0 0.5Comparative Example29 Comparative Example Compound29 231.7 1.1 234.1225.3 8.8 0.7 Comparative Example30 Comparative Example Compound30 232.00.8 235.3 226.9 8.4 1.1 Comparative Example31 Comparative ExampleCompound31 230.8 2.0 234.1 224.9 9.2 0.3 Comparative Example32Comparative Example Compound32 230.8 2.0 233.6 223.8 9.8 0.3 ComparativeExample33 Comparative Example Compound33 232.7 0.1 235.6 226.6 9.0 0.5Comparative Example34 Comparative Example Compound34 231.2 1.6 234.8225.0 9.8 0.3 Comparative Example35 Comparative Example Compound35 231.51.3 234.6 225.0 9.6 0.1 Comparative Example36 Comparative ExampleCompound36 231.0 1.8 234.7 224.7 10.0 0.5 Comparative Example37Comparative Example Compound37 231.2 1.6 234.9 225.2 9.7 0.2 ComparativeExample38 Comparative Example Compound38 231.4 1.4 234.9 225.1 9.8 0.3Comparative Example39 Comparative Example Compound39 230.9 1.9 234.1223.6 10.5 1.0 Comparative Example40 Comparative Example Compound40232.7 0.1 235.4 226.6 8.8 0.7 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 23)

(Comparative Example Compound 24)

(Comparative Example Compound 25)

(Comparative Example Compound 26)

(Comparative Example Compound 27)

(Comparative Example Compound 28)

(Comparative Example Compound 29)

(Comparative Example Compound 30)

(Comparative Example Compound 31)

(Comparative Example Compound 32)

(Comparative Example Compound 33)

(Comparative Example Compound 34)

(Comparative Example Compound 35)

(Comparative Example Compound 36)

(Comparative Example Compound 37)

(Comparative Example Compound 38)

(Comparative Example Compound 39)

(Comparative Example Compound 40)

The crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) of Comparative Examples23 to 40 are −0.2 to +2.0° C.; there is almost no change or a slightfall in crystallization temperature. The crystallization temperatureranges (ΔT_(C)) are −1.6 to +1.0° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control(original crystalline resin), and the crystallization rate remainedalmost unchanged or rose slightly. Therefore, the compounds ofComparative Examples 23 to 40 do not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather work as a nucleating agent.

From the results of Examples 57 to 98, the compounds having a polycyclicstructure wherein three 5-membered or higher ring structures arecondensed to form condensed ring possessed a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor. On the other hand, the compounds having acyclic structure having a total of three or more 5-membered or higherrings, only two of which, however, are condensed to form condensed ring,and the compounds having a structure having three rings, none of which,however, are condensed to form condensed ring, like Comparative Examples23 to 40, do not possess a function of a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Examples 41 to 80

Comparative Examples 41 to 80 pertain to condensed ring compounds havinga substituent or an aromatic ring that are contained in the structuresof nucleating effect suppressing compounds described above, butconfigured with a 5-membered ring and a 6-membered ring or two6-membered rings. The structures of the individual comparative examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 12 Comparative Example ComparativeExample Compound T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C)Comparative Example41 Comparative Example Compound41 232.2 0.6 235.1226.9 8.2 1.3 Comparative Example42 Comparative Example Compound42 232.80.0 235.8 227.7 8.1 1.4 Comparative Example43 Comparative ExampleCompound43 233.1 −0.3 236.4 227.8 8.6 0.9 Comparative Example44Comparative Example Compound44 233.7 −0.9 236.4 228.3 8.1 1.4Comparative Example45 Comparative Example Compound45 233.0 −0.2 235.7227.3 8.4 1.1 Comparative Example46 Comparative Example Compound46 232.9−0.1 235.8 226.6 9.2 0.3 Comparative Example47 Comparative ExampleCompound47 233.8 −1.0 236.2 228.2 8.0 1.5 Comparative Example48Comparative Example Compound48 231.6 1.2 234.7 224.8 9.9 0.4 ComparativeExample49 Comparative Example Compound49 233.4 −0.6 236.1 228.0 8.1 1.4Comparative Example50 Comparative Example Compound50 232.7 0.1 234.9225.1 9.8 0.3 Comparative Example51 Comparative Example Compound51 233.1−0.3 235.7 227.5 8.2 1.3 Comparative Example52 Comparative ExampleCompound52 232.6 0.2 235.6 226.1 9.5 0.0 Comparative Example53Comparative Example Compound53 232.9 −0.1 234.7 225.4 9.3 0.2Comparative Example54 Comparative Example Compound54 233.3 −0.5 236.4227.4 9.0 0.5 Comparative Example55 Comparative Example Compound55 232.30.5 235.0 225.6 9.4 0.1 Comparative Example56 Comparative ExampleCompound56 234.0 −1.2 236.4 228.6 7.8 1.7 Comparative Example57Comparative Example Compound57 232.9 −0.1 236.5 227.5 9.0 0.5Comparative Example58 Comparative Example Compound58 231.8 1.0 235.8225.7 10.1 0.6 Comparative Example59 Comparative Example Compound59233.6 −0.8 236.9 228.0 8.9 0.6 Comparative Example60 Comparative ExampleCompound60 232.3 0.5 235.1 225.6 9.5 0.0 Comparative Example61Comparative Example Compound61 231.2 1.6 234.8 226.3 8.5 1.0 ComparativeExample62 Comparative Example Compound62 232.2 0.6 235.6 225.8 9.8 0.3Comparative Example63 Comparative Example Compound63 232.9 −0.1 236.1227.9 8.2 1.3 Comparative Example64 Comparative Example Compound64 233.6−0.8 236.8 227.9 8.9 0.6 Comparative Example65 Comparative ExampleCompound65 232.6 0.2 235.7 225.5 10.2 0.7 Comparative Example66Comparative Example Compound66 232.6 0.2 235.8 227.2 8.6 0.9 ComparativeExample67 Comparative Example Compound67 232.9 −0.1 236.2 227.4 8.8 0.7Comparative Example68 Comparative Example Compound68 231.9 0.9 235.1226.0 9.1 0.4 Comparative Example69 Comparative Example Compound69 232.9−0.1 236.7 227.8 8.9 0.6 Comparative Example70 Comparative ExampleCompound70 232.2 0.6 235.4 225.5 9.9 0.4 Comparative Example71Comparative Example Compound71 231.5 1.3 234.6 225.8 8.8 0.7 ComparativeExample72 Comparative Example Compound72 231.4 −1.4 235.3 225.4 9.9 0.4Comparative Example73 Comparative Example Compound73 232.7 −0.1 235.8227.8 8.0 1.5 Comparative Example74 Comparative Example Compound74 231.0−1.8 233.8 224.7 9.1 0.4 Comparative Example75 Comparative ExampleCompound75 231.5 −1.3 234.6 226.5 8.1 1.4 Comparative Example76Comparative Example Compound76 232.2 −0.6 235.7 226.9 8.8 0.7Comparative Example77 Comparative Example Compound77 231.5 −1.3 234.5225.5 9.0 0.5 Comparative Example78 Comparative Example Compound78 231.5−1.3 234.8 225.2 9.6 0.1 Comparative Example79 Comparative ExampleCompound79 232.2 −0.6 235.6 227.5 8.1 1.4 Comparative Example80Comparative Example Compound80 231.7 −1.1 233.9 225.4 8.5 1.0 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 41)

(Comparative Example Compound 42)

(Comparative Example Compound 43)

(Comparative Example Compound 44)

(Comparative Example Compound 45)

(Comparative Example Compound 46)

(Comparative Example Compound 47)

(Comparative Example Compound 48)

(Comparative Example Compound 49)

(Comparative Example Compound 50)

(Comparative Example Compound 51)

(Comparative Example Compound 52)

(Comparative Example Compound 53)

(Comparative Example Compound 54)

(Comparative Example Compound 55)

(Comparative Example Compound 56)

(Comparative Example Compound 57)

(Comparative Example Compound 58)

(Comparative Example Compound 59)

(Comparative Example Compound 60)

(Comparative Example Compound 61)

(Comparative Example Compound 62)

(Comparative Example Compound 63)

(Comparative Example Compound 64)

(Comparative Example Compound 65)

(Comparative Example Compound 66)

(Comparative Example Compound 67)

(Comparative Example Compound 68)

(Comparative Example Compound 69)

(Comparative Example Compound 70)

(Comparative Example Compound 71)

(Comparative Example Compound 72)

(Comparative Example Compound 73)

(Comparative Example Compound 74)

(Comparative Example Compound 75)

(Comparative Example Compound 76)

(Comparative Example Compound 77)

(Comparative Example Compound 78)

(Comparative Example Compound 79)

(Comparative Example Compound 80)

The crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) of Comparative Examples41 to 80 are −1.2 to +1.7° C.; there is almost no change or a slightfall in crystallization temperature. Also, the crystallizationtemperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Comparative Examples 41 to 80 are −1.7 to+0.7° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (original crystalline resin),and the crystallization rate remained almost unchanged or rose slightly.Therefore, the compounds of Comparative Examples 41 to 80 do not possessa function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor, and many of the compoundsrather work as a nucleating agent.

From the results of Examples 57 to 98, the compounds having a polycyclicstructure wherein three 5-membered or higher cyclic structures arecondensed to form condensed ring possessed a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor. On the other hand, from the results ofComparative Examples 41 to 80, it is found that the compounds having acyclic structure wherein two 5-membered or higher ring structures arecondensed to form condensed ring do not possess a function of anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Examples 81 to 114

Comparative Examples 81 to 99 pertain to compounds configured with tworing structures which, however, are not condensed to form condensedring, like Comparative Examples 41 to 80; Comparative Examples 100 to114 pertain to compounds comprising a single 5-membered ring or6-membered ring. TABLE 13 Comparative Example Comparative ExampleCompound T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) ComparativeExample81 Comparative Example Compound81 232.3 0.5 234.1 226.2 7.9 −1.6Comparative Example82 Comparative Example Compound82 231.3 1.5 234.6224.8 9.8 0.3 Comparative Example83 Comparative Example Compound83 231.21.6 233.8 225.0 8.8 −0.7 Comparative Example84 Comparative ExampleCompound84 232.3 0.5 234.4 226.3 8.1 −1.4 Comparative Example85Comparative Example Compound85 231.9 0.9 233.9 225.0 8.9 −0.6Comparative Example86 Comparative Example Compound86 231.7 1.1 235.0225.6 9.4 −0.1 Comparative Example87 Comparative Example Compound87232.2 0.6 235.4 227.2 8.2 −1.3 Comparative Example88 Comparative ExampleCompound88 231.9 0.9 234.2 225.6 8.6 −0.9 Comparative Example89Comparative Example Compound89 230.8 2.0 233.0 224.6 8.4 −1.1Comparative Example90 Comparative Example Compound90 232.5 0.3 235.5226.4 9.1 −0.4 Comparative Example91 Comparative Example Compound91231.9 0.9 234.5 226.2 8.3 −1.2 Comparative Example92 Comparative ExampleCompound92 232.2 0.6 235.1 226.4 8.7 −0.8 Comparative Example93Comparative Example Compound93 232.5 0.3 234.9 226.7 8.2 −1.3Comparative Example94 Comparative Example Compound94 231.2 1.6 234.4224.8 9.6 0.1 Comparative Example95 Comparative Example Compound95 230.91.9 234.1 225.4 8.7 −0.8 Comparative Example96 Comparative ExampleCompound96 231.6 1.2 234.8 225.6 9.2 −0.3 Comparative Example97Comparative Example Compound97 231.8 1.0 234.2 225.5 8.7 −0.8Comparative Example98 Comparative Example Compound98 232.4 0.4 235.4225.1 10.3 0.8 Comparative Example99 Comparative Example Compound99231.9 0.9 234.8 224.9 9.9 0.4 Comparative Example100 Comparative ExampleCompound100 233.2 −0.4 236.1 227.6 8.5 −1.0 Comparative Example101Comparative Example Compound101 233.1 −0.3 235.7 227.9 7.8 −1.7Comparative Example102 Comparative Example Compound102 230.8 2.0 234.8226.7 8.1 −1.4 Comparative Example103 Comparative Example Compound103232.9 −0.1 235.7 227.4 8.3 −1.2 Comparative Example104 ComparativeExample Compound104 231.7 1.1 234.1 224.4 9.7 0.2 Comparative Example105Comparative Example Compound105 231.9 0.9 235.0 227.0 8.0 −1.5Comparative Example106 Comparative Example Compound106 231.8 1.0 234.5225.9 8.6 −0.9 Comparative Example107 Comparative Example Compound107233.4 −0.6 236.1 227.6 8.5 −1.0 Comparative Example108 ComparativeExample Compound108 233.5 −0.7 236.4 227.6 8.8 −0.7 ComparativeExample109 Comparative Example Compound109 233.1 −0.3 235.6 227.0 8.6−0.9 Comparative Example110 Comparative Example Compound110 232.7 0.1234.9 226.1 8.8 −0.7 Comparative Example111 Comparative ExampleCompound111 231.8 1.0 235.9 227.3 8.6 −0.9 Comparative Example112Comparative Example Compound112 232.1 0.7 235.4 226.3 9.1 −0.4Comparative Example113 Comparative Example Compound113 231.1 1.7 234.8225.4 9.4 −0.1 Comparative Example114 Comparative Example Compound114231.1 1.7 233.8 225.2 8.6 −0.9 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 81)

(Comparative Example Compound 82)

(Comparative Example Compound 83)

(Comparative Example Compound 84)

(Comparative Example Compound 85)

(Comparative Example Compound 86)

(Comparative Example Compound 87)

(Comparative Example Compound 88)

(Comparative Example Compound 89)

(Comparative Example Compound 90)

(Comparative Example Compound 91)

(Comparative Example Compound 92)

(Comparative Example Compound 93)

(Comparative Example Compound 94)

(Comparative Example Compound 95)

(Comparative Example Compound 96)

(Comparative Example Compound 97)

(Comparative Example Compound 98)

(Comparative Example Compound 99)

(Comparative Example Compound 100)

(Comparative Example Compound 101)

(Comparative Example Compound 102)

(Comparative Example Compound 103)

(Comparative Example Compound 104)

(Comparative Example Compound 105)

(Comparative Example Compound 106)

(Comparative Example Compound 107)

(Comparative Example Compound 108)

(Comparative Example Compound 109)

(Comparative Example Compound 110)

(Comparative Example Compound 111)

(Comparative Example Compound 112)

(Comparative Example Compound 113)

(Comparative Example Compound 114)

The crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) of Comparative Examples81 to 99 are +0.1 to +1.9° C.; there is almost no change or a slightfall in crystallization temperature. The crystallization temperatureranges (ΔT_(C)) are −1.5 to +0.8° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control(original crystalline resin), and the crystallization rate remainedalmost unchanged or rose slightly. Therefore, the compounds ofComparative Examples 81 to 99, wherein single rings are linked to eachother via single bonds, do not possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor, rather work as a nucleating agent.

The crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) of Comparative Examples100 to 114 are −0.7 to +2.0° C.; there is almost no change or a slightfall in crystallization temperature. The crystallization temperatureranges (ΔT_(C)) are −1.7 to +0.2° C. compared to the control (originalcrystalline resin), and the crystallization rate remained almostunchanged or rose slightly. Therefore, the compounds of ComparativeExamples 100 to 114, which comprise a single ring, do not possess afunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor, and rather work as anucleating agent.

Summarizing the results of Comparative Examples 23 to 114, it was shownthat the compounds having a polycyclic structure wherein three or morering structures are condensed to form condensed ring have a majornucleation suppressing effect, whereas those having three rings, which,however, are not condensed to form condensed ring, and those having twoor less rings have almost no nucleation suppressing effect.

Examples 101 to 180

It has been found that the compounds having a polycyclic structurewherein three or more ring structures are condensed to form condensedring have a major nucleation suppressing effect; in Examples 101 to 180,the results of an investigation of compounds having a polycyclicstructure wherein four or more ring structures are condensed to formcondensed ring are shown. However, Examples 156 and 157 pertain tocompounds wherein polycyclic structures with three ring structurescondensed to form condensed ring are double bound directly to eachother.

Examples 101 to 125

Examples 101 to 125 pertain to Example Compounds 101 to 125, which havea polycyclic structure wherein four 5-, 6- or 7-membered rings arecondensed to form condensed ring. The structures of the individualexample compounds are as follows. TABLE 14 Example Example CompoundBasic Structure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C)Example101 Example Basic Structure63 223.0 9.8 229.6 216.4 13.2 3.7Compound101 Example102 Example Basic Structure66 217.2 15.6 225.5 209.316.2 6.7 Compound102 ExampIe103 Example Basic Structure65 225.9 6.9230.7 219.1 11.6 2.1 Compound103 Example104 Example Basic Structure67224.7 8.1 229.1 217.4 11.7 2.2 Compound104 Example105 Example BasicStructure67 218.0 14.8 226.5 210.8 15.7 6.2 Compound105 Example106Example Basic Structure68 217.9 14.9 226.4 210.8 15.6 6.1 Compound106Example107 Example Basic Structure71 221.7 11.1 228.3 216.2 12.1 2.6Compound107 Example108 Example Basic Structure72 219.6 13.2 228.0 213.614.4 4.9 Compound108 Example109 Example Basic Structure75 222.5 10.3229.6 215.9 13.7 4.2 Compound109 Example110 Example Basic Structure77224.1 8.7 230.1 217.0 13.1 3.6 Compound110 Example111 Example BasicStructure78 218.9 13.9 229.7 211.5 18.2 8.7 Compound111 Example112Example Basic Structure62 226.5 6.3 231.9 219.5 12.4 2.9 Compound112Example113 Example 227.6 5.2 233.1 221.2 11.9 2.4 Compound113 Example114Example 227.0 5.8 232.1 220.1 12.0 2.5 Compound114 Example115 ExampleBasic Structure80 225.0 7.8 229.9 218.3 11.6 2.1 Compound115 Example116Example Basic Structure81 224.4 8.4 230.8 218.0 12.8 3.3 Compound116Example117 Example Basic Structure83 227.6 5.2 232.3 219.6 12.7 3.2Compound117 Example118 Example Basic Structure92 227.5 5.3 232.2 219.912.3 2.8 Compound118 Example119 Example 227.6 5.2 232.5 218.9 13.6 4.1Compound119 Example120 Example Basic Structure89 224.9 7.9 230.8 218.112.7 3.2 Compound120 Example121 Example Basic Structure89 225.5 7.3230.3 217.6 12.7 3.2 Compound121 Example122 Example Basic Structure86226.3 6.5 231.8 219.4 12.4 2.9 Compound122 Example123 Example BasicStructure87 226.6 6.2 232.1 219.8 12.3 2.8 Compound123 Example124Example Basic Structure87 226.0 6.8 232.6 221.1 11.5 2.0 Compound124Example125 Example Basic Structure88 225.3 7.5 231.4 218.9 12.5 3.0Compound125 Unit: ° C.

(Example Compound 101)

(Example Compound 102)

(Example Compound 103)

(Example Compound 104)

(Example Compound 105)

(Example Compound 106)

(Example Compound 107)

(Example Compound 108)

(Example Compound 109)

(Example Compound 110)

(Example Compound 111)

(Example Compound 112)

(Example Compound 113)

(Example Compound 114)

(Example Compound 115)

(Example Compound 116)

(Example Compound 117)

(Example Compound 118)

(Example Compound 119)

(Example Compound 120)

(Example Compound 121)

(Example Compound 122)

(Example Compound 123)

(Example Compound 124)

(Example Compound 125)

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of nylon 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 101 to 125 are +5.2 to +15.6°C.; the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 101 to125 expanded by +2.0 to +6.7° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of nylon 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell significantly. Hence, the compounds of Examples 101 to 125possess a remarkable function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor. Thatis, it was shown that the compounds having a polycyclic structurewherein four 5-, 6- or 7-membered rings are condensed to form condensedring possess a function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 126 to 148

Examples 126 to 148 pertain to Example Compounds 126 to 148, which havea polycyclic structure wherein five 5-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring. The structures of theindividual example compounds are as follows. TABLE 15 Example ExampleCompound Basic Structure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ ΔT_(C) Example 126 Example Compound126 Basic Structure94 227.3 5.5 232.0220.1 11.9 2.4 Example 127 Example Compound127 Basic Structure94 227.15.7 231.6 220.1 11.5 2.0 Example 128 Example Compound128 BasicStructure96 225.7 7.1 230.8 218.1 12.7 3.2 Example 129 ExampleCompound129 Basic Structure97 226.9 5.9 232.4 220.9 11.5 2.0 Example 130Example Compound130 Basic Structure98 226.5 6.3 231.7 219.7 12.0 2.5Example 131 Example Compound131 Basic Structure98 227.7 5.1 231.3 219.511.8 2.3 Example 132 Example Compound132 Basic Structure98 225.4 7.4231.6 219.2 12.4 2.9 Example 133 Example Compound133 Basic Structure99227.5 5.3 233.3 221.1 12.2 2.7 Example 134 Example Compound134 BasicStructure100 227.4 5.4 232.4 220.7 11.7 2.2 Example 135 ExampleCompound135 Basic Structure101 226.6 6.2 232.1 219.6 12.5 3.0 Example136 Example Compound136 Basic Structure102 227.6 5.2 232.9 221.0 11.92.4 Example 137 Example Compound137 Basic Structure103 226.9 5.9 232.5220.4 12.1 2.6 Example 138 Example Compound138 Basic Structure105 223.69.2 229.4 215.1 14.3 4.8 Example 139 Example Compound139 BasicStructure106 223.4 9.4 229.6 215.8 13.8 4.3 Example 140 ExampleCompound140 Basic Structure107 225.6 7.2 229.7 217.6 12.1 2.6 Example141 Example Compound141 Basic Structure108 225.1 7.7 230.2 218.3 11.92.4 Example 142 Example Compound142 Basic Structure109 223.6 9.2 228.6215.5 13.1 3.6 Example 143 Example Compound143 Basic Structure110 226.66.2 231.5 219.7 11.8 2.3 Example 144 Example Compound144 BasicStructure112 226.0 6.8 230.3 218.0 12.3 2.8 Example 145 ExampleCompound145 225.5 7.3 230.5 218.7 11.8 2.3 Example 146 ExampleCompound146 227.7 5.1 232.8 220.6 12.2 2.7 Example 147 ExampleCompound147 226.5 6.3 232.5 220.6 11.9 2.4 Example 148 ExampleCompound148 Basic Structure104 223.6 9.2 229.9 216.5 13.4 3.9 Unit: ° C.

(Example Compound 126)

(Example Compound 127)

(Example Compound 128)

(Example Compound 129)

(Example Compound 130)

(Example Compound 131)

(Example Compound 132)

(Example Compound 133)

(Example Compound 134)

(Example Compound 135)

(Example Compound 136)

(Example Compound 137)

(Example Compound 138)

(Example Compound 139)

(Example Compound 140)

(Example Compound 141)

(Example Compound 142)

(Example Compound 143)

(Example Compound 144)

(Example Compound 145)

(Example Compound 146)

(Example Compound 147)

(Example Compound 148)

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of nylon 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 126 to 148 are +5.1 to +9.4° C.;the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the extrapolated crystallization temperature differences (ΔT_(C))of Examples 126 to 148 expanded by +2.0 to +4.8° C. compared to theextrapolated crystallization temperature difference (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5°C. of nylon 66 (control: original crystalline resin), showing that thecrystallization rate fell significantly. Therefore, the compounds havinga polycyclic structure wherein five 5-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring possess a remarkablefunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 149 to 180

Examples 149 to 180 pertain to Example Compounds 149 to 180, which havea polycyclic structure wherein six or more 5-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring. However, Examples 156and 157 pertain to compounds wherein polycyclic structures with threering structures condensed to form condensed ring are double bounddirectly to each other. The structures of the individual examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 16 Example Example Compound BasicStructure T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) Example 149Example Compound149 Basic Structure113 225.2 7.6 232.3 220.4 11.9 2.4Example 150 Example Compound150 Basic Structure114 27.2 5.6 233.1 220.512.6 3.1 Example 151 Example Compound151 Basic Structure115 227.6 5.2233.0 221.1 11.9 2.4 Example 152 Example Compound152 Basic Structure123227.7 5.1 232.7 220.2 12.5 3.0 Example 153 Example Compound153 BasicStructure117 227.5 5.3 232.9 221.2 11.7 2.2 Example 154 ExampleCompound154 Basic Structure124 227.0 5.8 232.1 220.1 12.0 2.5 Example155 Example Compound155 Basic Structure116 227.4 5.4 231.7 220.2 11.52.0 Example 156 Example Compound156 223.3 9.5 230.3 214.2 16.1 6.6Example 157 Example Compound157 223.0 9.8 233.0 213.2 19.8 10.3 Example158 Example Compound158 226.2 6.6 231.3 219.4 11.9 2.4 Example 159Example Compound159 228.5 4.3 232.2 220.1 12.1 2.6 Example 160 ExampleCompound160 227.6 5.2 231.6 219.8 11.8 2.3 Example 161 ExampleCompound161 Basic Structure119 227.7 5.1 232.6 220.6 12.0 2.5 Example162 Example Compound162 Basic Structure118 227.6 5.2 233.0 220.7 12.32.8 Example 163 Example Compound163 Basic Structure126 227.5 5.3 232.7220.0 12.7 3.2 Example 164 Example Compound164 Basic Structure125 227.75.1 232.6 221.1 11.5 2.0 Example 165 Example Compound165 BasicStructure127 227.7 5.1 232.1 220.1 12.0 2.5 Example 166 ExampleCompound166 Basic Structure128 227.4 5.4 232.5 220.8 11.7 2.2 Example167 Example Compound167 Basic Structure129 227.4 5.4 233.1 221.5 11.62.1 Example 168 Example Compound168 Basic Structure120 226.0 6.8 232.0219.9 12.1 2.6 Example 169 Example Compound169 Basic Structure120 227.75.1 232.7 220.7 12.0 2.5 Example 170 Example Compound170 BasicStructure121 227.7 5.1 232.4 220.6 11.8 2.3 Example 171 ExampleCompound171 Basic Structure122 226.6 6.2 232.6 220.2 12.4 2.9 Example172 Example Compound172 Basic Structure122 226.1 6.7 233.0 221.4 11.62.1 Example 173 Example Compound173 Basic Structure130 227.4 5.4 232.3220.3 12.0 2.5 Example 174 Example Compound174 Basic Structure131 227.75.1 232.1 219.9 12.2 2.7 Example 175 Example Compound175 227.4 5.4 232.0219.4 12.6 3.1 Example 176 Example Compound176 227.0 5.8 231.6 219.911.7 2.2 Example 177 Example Compound177 226.0 6.8 232.4 220.9 11.5 2.0Example 178 Example Compound178 225.6 7.2 231.6 219.5 12.1 2.6 Example179 Example Compound179 227.8 5.0 232.3 220.1 12.2 2.7 Example 180Example Compound180 227.8 5.0 232.7 221.2 11.5 2.0 Unit: ° C.

(Example Compound 149)

(Example Compound 150)

(Example Compound 151)

(Example Compound 152)

(Example Compound 153)

(Example Compound 154)

(Example Compound 155)

(Example Compound 156)

(Example Compound 157)

(Example Compound 158)

(Example Compound 159)

(Example Compound 160)

(Example Compound 161)

(Example Compound 162)

(Example Compound 163)

(Example Compound 164)

(Example Compound 165)

(Example Compound 166)

(Example Compound 167)

(Example Compound 168)

(Example Compound 169)

(Example Compound 170)

(Example Compound 171)

(Example Compound 172)

(Example Compound 173)

(Example Compound 174)

(Example Compound 175)

(Example Compound 176)

(Example Compound 177)

(Example Compound 178)

(Example Compound 179)

(Example Compound 180)

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of nylon 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 149 to 180 are +5.0 to +9.8° C.;the crystallization temperature fell significantly.

Also, the extrapolated crystallization temperature differences (ΔT_(C))of Examples 149 to 180 expanded by +2.0 to +10.3° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) comparedto the crystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of nylon66 (control: original crystalline resin), showing that thecrystallization rate fell significantly. Therefore, the compounds havinga polycyclic structure wherein six or more 5-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring possess a remarkablefunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Examples 115 and 116

In Examples 101 to 180, it has been shown that the compounds whereinfour or more 5-membered or 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring possess a remarkable function as anucleating-effect-suppressor. On the other hand, a comparison is made byreference to compounds having four or more 5-membered or 6-memberedrings and not having a polycyclic structure having three or more of themare condensed to form condensed ring, as comparative examples. TABLE 17Comparative Comparative Example Example Compound T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP)T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) Comparative Comparative Example 231.0 1.8234.0 224.4 9.6 0.1 Example 115 Compound115 Comparative ComparativeExample 230.2 2.6 234.4 224.7 9.7 0.2 Example 116 Compound116 Unit: ° C.

(Comparative Example Compound 115)

(Comparative Example Compound 116)

The crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) of Comparative Examples115 and 116 are +1.8 and +2.6° C.; there is almost no change or a slightfall in crystallization temperature. The crystallization temperatureranges (ΔT_(C)) are +0.1 to +0.2° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control(original crystalline resin), and the crystallization rate remainsalmost unchanged. Therefore, the compounds of Comparative Examples 115and 116 do not possess a function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

From the results of Examples 101 to 180, the compounds having apolycyclic structure wherein four or more 5-membered or higher cyclicstructures are condensed to form condensed ring possessed a function asa nucleating-effect-suppressor. On the other hand, from the results ofComparative Examples 115 and 116, it is found that the compounds havingfour or more 5-membered or 6-membered rings and not having a polycyclicstructure having three or more of them are condensed to form condensedring, do not possess a function of a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

From evaluations conducted on polycyclic structure compounds whereinvarious cyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring, andcompounds having a polycyclic structure with various substituentsintroduced thereto, using a differential scanning calorimeter, thefollowing was revealed. That is, the compounds having a polycyclicstructure wherein three or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structuresare condensed to form condensed ring, when contained in a crystallinecomposition, are capable of effectively lowering the crystallizationpoint (crystallization temperature) and crystallization rate of thecrystalline composition, and are also capable of lengthening thenucleation induction period thereof, and hence effectively work asmaterials that suppress the nucleating effect. On the other hand, thosehaving two or less cyclic structures condensed to form condensed ringand those having three or more cyclic structures, none of which,however, are condensed to form condensed ring, are incapable of loweringthe crystallization rate.

Example 181

Using 100 parts of nylon 66 as the crystalline resin and 2.5 parts ofeach of 4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthrolin,6,7-dihydro-5,8-dimethyl[b,j][1,10]phenanthrolin,4-methyl-1,10-phenanthrolin and 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthrolinas the nucleating-effect-suppressor, a measuring sample was obtained bythe aforementioned cast method. Example Compound 181, which is thenucleating-effect-suppressor in this Example, is a mixture of compoundsof the following structures, each of which has a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor. TABLE 18 Example Example Compound T_(CP) ΔT_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) Example 181 Example Compound181218.3 14.5 227.9 209.4 18.5 9.0 Unit: ° C.

(Example Compound 181: A mixture of Example Compound 36, ExampleCompound 45, Example Compound 37 and Example Compound 40)

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of nylon 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature fall (ΔT_(CP)) in Example 181 is +14.5° C.

Also, the crystallization temperature range (ΔT_(C)) of Example 181expanded by +9.0° C. compared to the crystallization temperature range(ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of nylon 66 (control: original crystalline resin),showing that the crystallization rate fell significantly. Therefore, theaforementioned mixture of compounds possesses a remarkable function as anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 182 to 187

Examples 182 to 187 pertain to Example Compounds 182 to 187, which havea structure of a salt of a compound having a polycyclic structure andpossessing a function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor, and a sulfonicacid or a carboxylic acid. The structures of the individual examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 19 Example Example Compound T_(CP) ΔT_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) Example 182 Example Compound182217.7 15.1 228.1 209.5 18.6 9.1 Example 183 Example Compound183 215.417.4 226.7 209.5 17.2 7.7 Example 184 Example Compound184 217.4 15.4228.3 208.7 19.6 10.1 Example 185 Example Compound185 219.6 13.2 228.4211.9 16.5 7.0 Example 186 Example Compound186 217.1 15.7 227.0 209.717.3 7.8 Example 187 Example Compound187 218.2 14.6 228.8 209.9 18.9 9.4Unit: ° C.

(Example Compound 182)

(Example Compound 183)

(Example Compound 184)

(Example Compound 185)

(Example Compound 186)

(Example Compound 187)

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of nylon 66 (control:original crystalline resin) is 232.8° C., and the crystallizationtemperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 182 to 187 are +13.2 to +17.4°C.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 182 to187 expanded by +7.0 to +10.11° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 9.5° C. of nylon 66(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell significantly. Therefore, these compounds possess a remarkablefunction as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Comparative Examples 117 to 125

Comparative Examples 117 to 125 pertain to long-chain aliphaticcompounds. The structures of the individual comparative examplecompounds are as follows. TABLE 20 Comparative Example ComparativeExample Compound T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C)Comparative Example Comparative Example 231.6 1.2 234.1 224.7 9.4 −0.1117 Compound117 Comparative Example Comparative Example 231.3 1.5 234.1224.3 9.8 0.3 118 Compound118 Comparative Example Comparative Example231 1.8 233.8 224.3 9.5 0 119 Compound119 Comparative ExampleComparative Example 231.1 1.7 234.3 224.5 9.8 0.3 120 Compound120Comparative Example Comparative Example 231.8 1 234.5 224.7 9.8 0.3 121Compound121 Comparative Example Comparative Example 230.9 1.9 233.8224.4 9.4 −0.1 122 Compound122 Comparative Example Comparative Example230 2.8 234.5 222.9 11.6 2.1 123 Compound123 Comparative ExampleComparative Example 232.6 0.2 234.8 225.4 9.4 −0.1 124 Compound124Comparative Example Comparative Example 232.1 0.7 234.4 225.2 9.2 −0.3125 Compound125 Unit: ° C. CH₃(CH₂)₁₆COOH (Comparative Example Compound117) CH₃(CH₂)₁₈COOH (Comparative Example Compound 118) CH₃(CH₂)₂₀COOH(Comparative Example Compound 119)

(Comparative Example Compound 120)

(Comparative Example Compound 121)

(Comparative Example Compound 122)

(Comparative Example Compound 123)

(Comparative Example Compound 124)

(Comparative Example Compound 125)

Comparative Example Compound 120 is PLYSURF A215C (trade name),manufactured by Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., and ComparativeExample Compound 122 is AMILADIN (trade name), manufactured by Dai-ichiKogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. In Comparative Example Compounds 120 and 122, Rrepresents an alkyl group or an alkylallyl group, n represents the molarnumber of ethylene oxide added, and R represents H or R (CH₂CH₂O)_(n).

The crystallization temperature falls (ΔT_(CP)) of Comparative Examples117 to 125 are +0.2 to +2.8° C.; there is almost no change or a slightfall in crystallization temperature. Also, the crystallizationtemperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Comparative Examples 117 to 125 are −0.3to +2.1° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to the control (original crystallineresin), and the crystallization rate remained almost unchanged or roseslightly. Therefore, the compounds of Comparative Examples 117 to 125 donot possess a function as a nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 188 to 191

In Examples 188 to 191, polybutylene terephthalate resin [manufacturedby Du Pont, trade name: CRASTIN 6130NC] was used as the crystallineresin and Example Compounds 188 to 191, which have a polycyclicstructure wherein 5-membered or 6-membered rings are condensed to formcondensed ring, were used as the nucleating-effect-suppressors. Thestructures of the individual example compounds are as follows.

100 parts of purified PBT (polybutylene terephthalate resin [crystallineresin]) and 10 parts of the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the presentinvention (example compounds shown in Table 21) were dissolved in1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol with heating. This was placed in apetri dish, allowed to stand at room temperature to evaporate the1,1,1,3,3,3 -hexafluoro-2-propanol, and then was dried using a vacuumdryer at 70° C. for 15 hours or longer to yield a measuring sample. Forcontrol, after the purified PBT alone was dissolved in1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol with heating, the solution was placedin a petri dish and allowed to stand at room temperature. After the1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol was evaporated, it was dried using avacuum dryer at 70° C. for 15 hours or longer to yield a control sample(cast method).

For each measuring sample and control sample, thermal analysis tomeasure the crystallization temperature (T_(CP)), extrapolatedcrystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) and extrapolatedcrystallization end temperature (T_(CEP)) was conducted using adifferential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by SEIKO INSTRUMENTSINC., trade name: DSC6200, COOLING CONTROLLER). In this thermalanalysis, a cycle of heating from 20° C. to 245° C. at 20° C./min,maintaining 245° C. for 3 minutes, and then cooling from 245° C. to 20°C. at 10° C./min, was repeated five times. From the measurement data ofextrapolated crystallization initiation temperature (T_(CIP)) andextrapolated crystallization end temperature (T_(CEP)) obtained for eachmeasuring sample, the crystallization temperature range (ΔT_(C))[difference between extrapolated crystallization end temperature andextrapolated crystallization initiation temperature] was calculated.Likewise, for the control sample, the crystallization temperature (T⁰_(CP)), extrapolated crystallization initiation temperature (T⁰ _(CIP))and the extrapolated crystallization end temperature (T⁰ _(CEP)) weremeasured, and the crystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) wascalculated.

Crystallization temperature falls were judged by ΔT_(CP) (ΔT_(CP)=T⁰_(CP)−T_(CP)) and crystallization rate falls were judged by comparingΔT_(C) and A T⁰ _(C)(ΔΔT_(C)=T_(C)−T⁰ _(C)). TABLE 21 Example ExampleCompound T_(CP) Δ T_(CP) T_(CIP) T_(CEP) Δ T_(C) Δ Δ T_(C) Crystallineresin No additive 183.6 190.7 177.7 13.0 Example 188 Example Compound45180.2 3.4 187.6 173.2 14.4 1.4 Example 189 Example Compound133 178.8 4.8186.9 172.3 14.6 1.6 Example 190 Example Compound110 178.3 5.3 187.2172.7 14.5 1.5 Example 191 Example Compound136 179.5 4.1 187.3 172.914.4 1.4 Unit: ° C.

(Example Compound 45)

(Example Compound 133)

(Example Compound 110)

(Example Compound 136)

The crystallization temperature (T⁰ _(CP)) of PBT (control: originalcrystalline resin) is 183.6° C., and the crystallization temperaturefalls (ΔT_(CP)) in Examples 188 to 191 are +3.4 to +5.3° C.

Also, the crystallization temperature ranges (ΔT_(C)) of Examples 188 to191 expanded by +1.4 to +1.6° C. (ΔΔT_(C)) compared to thecrystallization temperature range (ΔT⁰ _(C)) of 13.0° C. of PBT(control: original crystalline resin), showing that the crystallizationrate fell. Therefore, these compounds possess a function as anucleating-effect-suppressor.

Examples 192 to 194 and Comparative Examples 126 to 128

In Examples 192 to 194 and Comparative Examples 126 to 128,glass-fiber-reinforced nylon 66 (a fiber-reinforced polyamide resinhaving a mixing ratio by weight of polyamide resin:glass fiber=67:33(manufactured by Du Pont, trade name: 70G33L)) was used as thecrystalline resin, Example Compounds 36, 29 and 34 (Comparative ExampleCompounds 126 to 128) as the nucleating-effect-suppressors were addedthereto, and a molded plate was obtained by injection molding. Thismolded plate and a molded plate obtained from glass-fiber-reinforcednylon 66 (original crystalline resin) alone by injection molding werecompared in terms of appearance and gloss.

Injection molding was conducted as described below. To 500 g of theaforementioned glass-reinforced nylon 66, 5 g of any one of ExampleCompounds 36, 29 and 34 and Comparative Example Compounds 126 to 128 wasadded, these ingredients were stirred and blended in a stainless steeltumbler for 20 minutes, and the obtained mixture was injection-molded ata nozzle temperature of 300° C. and a mold temperature of 80° C. (othermolding conditions according to the ordinary method) using an injectionmolding machine (manufactured by KAWAGUCHI, Ltd., trade name: KM-50C).For the obtained test piece [49×79×3 mm], glossiness was determined andappearance was evaluated; the results are shown in Table 22.

Glossiness Test and Evaluation

Glossiness was determined by measuring the gloss value at an angle ofincidence of 60 degrees with respect to the test piece using aglossmeter (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd., trade name:HG-268). The measurement site in the test piece was at the center of themolded product.

Generally, those having high gloss values are judged to be high insurface smoothness and rich in surface gloss. Also, by this test, notonly the smoothness of the test piece, but also the phenomenon in whicha fibrous reinforcing material such as glass fiber floats in afiber-reinforced crystalline resin, can be grasped.

Example Compounds and Comparative Example Compounds

-   Example 192: 4,7-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthrolin (Example Compound 36)-   Example 193: 3-Naphthoflavon (Example Compound 29)-   Example 194: Acridine orange base (Example Compound 34)-   Comparative Example 126: 1,2-Diphenylindol (Comparative Example    Compound 126)-   Comparative Example 127: 2,3-Diphenylquinoxaline (Comparative    Example Compound 127)

Comparative Example 128: N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine (Comparative ExampleCompound 128) TABLE 22 Example Example Compound Surface glossinessAppearance Crystalline No additive 61.94 100.0% resin Example 192Example Compound 36 76.16 123.0% Good Example 193 Example Compound 2968.60 111.0% Good Example 194 Example Compound 34 69.18 112.0% GoodComparative Comparative Example 59.78 96.5% White float Example 126Compound 126 of glass Comparative Comparative Example 63.85 103.0% Whitefloat Example 127 Compound 127 of glass Comparative Comparative Example63.05 102.0% White float Example 128 Compound 128 of glass

In Examples 192 to 194, glossiness improved considerably compared to theoriginal glass-fiber-reinforced nylon 66. It is considered that becausethe period in which the crystalline resin is molten at a constant moldtemperature (80° C.) lengthens due to a crystallization temperature fallby the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the present invention, surfacegloss improves.

Example 195 to Example 201 and Comparative Example 129

Film-like measuring samples obtained by the aforementioned cast methodusing nylon 66 and the following example compounds, and a film-likecontrol sample obtained by the cast method using nylon 66 alone werecompared in terms of the number of sphaerocrystals.

The number of sphaerocrystals was counted as described below. That is,each of the film-like measuring samples and control sample obtainedusing the aforementioned cast method was inserted between a slide glassand a cover glass and heated on a hot plate. When each film-like samplemelted, it was pressed and then allowed to cool at room temperature.After being cool to room temperature, each sample was examined using apolarizing plate under a light microscope. The results of thisobservation are shown in Table 23. FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 arephotomicrographs in Examples 195 to 201 and Comparative Example 129,respectively. Note that the scale in the lower right of each photographis graduated in 10 μm for each division and 50 μm for a total of fivedivisions. By this, it was confirmed that the sizes of sphaerocrystalsin a crystalline resin composition containing anucleating-effect-suppressor are larger than the sizes ofsphaerocrystals in the original crystalline resin, which does notcontain the nucleating-effect-suppressor.

Samples Used

-   Example 195: 4,7-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthrolin (Example Compound 36)-   Example 196: 1-Aminopyrene (Example Compound 15)-   Example 197: 1-Aminoanthracene (Example Compound 1)-   Example 198: 2-Acetylfluorene (Example Compound 54)-   Example 199: 2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthrolin (Example    Compound 41)-   Example 200: 3,4,7,8-Tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthrolin (Example    Compound 40)-   Example 201: 2-Aminoanthracene (Example Compound 9)-   Comparative Example 129: Original crystalline resin Comparative    Example 130: 1-Aminonaphthalene (Comparative Example Compound 1)-   Comparative Example 131: 2-Aminonaphthalene (Comparative Example    Compound 2)-   Comparative Example 132: 4,4′-Dimethyl-2,2′-dipyridyl (Comparative    Example Compound 12)

Comparative Example 133: 2,2′-Biquinoline (Comparative Example Compound13) TABLE 23 Example Example Compound Amount Number/36345 μm² Tcp[° C.]Example 195 Example 10 parts 40 15.6% 213.8 Compound 36 Example 196Example 10 parts 107 42.8% 218.9 Compound 15 Example 197 Example 10parts 120 46.9% 219.6 Compound 1 Example 198 Example 30 parts 135 52.7%221.7 Compound 54 Example 199 Example 10 parts 164 64.1% 215.8 Compound41 Example 200 Example 10 parts 191 74.6% 222.3 Compound 40 Example 201Example 10 parts 191 74.6% 221.0 Compound 9 Comparative Crystalline 256100.0% 232.8 Example 129 resin Comparative Comparative 10 parts 269105.1% 232.2 Example 130 Example Compound 1 Comparative Comparative 10parts 278 108.6% 232.0 Example 131 Example Compound 2 ComparativeComparative 10 parts 271 105.9% 231.6 Example 132 Example Compound 12Comparative Comparative 10 parts 276 107.8% 231.9 Example 133 ExampleCompound 13

As shown in Table 23, by containing the nucleating-effect-suppressor ofthe present invention, the number of sphaerocrystals of a crystallineresin composition decreases. From this fact, it is considered thatcrystal nuclei are more unlikely to occur in crystalline resincompositions containing the nucleating-effect-suppressor of the presentinvention.

1-75. (canceled)
 76. A method of controlling the crystallization of acrystalline resin composition, wherein by containing one kind or more ofa nucleating-effect-suppressor comprising any of the compounds having atleast one structure selected from among polycyclic structures whereinthree or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed toform condensed ring, excluding nigrosine, aniline black and copperphthalocyanine derivatives, in a crystalline resin, the crystallizationtemperature and crystallization rate of a crystalline resin compositioncontaining the nucleating-effect-suppressor are lowered compared to thecrystallization temperature and crystallization rate of a crystallineresin in the crystalline resin composition, which does not contain theaforementioned nucleating-effect-suppressor.
 77. The method ofcontrolling the crystallization of claim 76, wherein at least one ofsaid polycyclic structures is a structure selected from among SkeletalStructures enumerated below, and the individual bonds that constituteeach skeletal structure are single or double bonds.


78. The method of controlling the crystallization of claim 76, whereinat least one of said polycyclic structures is a structure selected fromamong Basic Structures enumerated below.


79. The method of controlling the crystallization of claim 76, whereinat least one of said polycyclic structures has one kind or two kinds ormore selected from among a halogen, a nitro group, a cyano group, analkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, an allyl group, analkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, analkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylaminocarbonylgroup, an arylaminocarbonyl group, an alkylamino group, an arylaminogroup, an amino group, an acylamino group, a sulfonamide group, asulfone group and a carboxyl group as substituents.
 80. The method ofcontrolling the crystallization of claim 76, wherein said compoundhaving at least one structure selected from among polycyclic structureswherein three or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structures arecondensed to form condensed ring is a salt comprising a cation and ananion that are tonically bound.
 81. The method of controlling thecrystallization of claim 80, wherein said salt is a salt formed as aresult of the ionization of a sulfone group, a carboxyl group or anamino group having or not having a substituent in the basic structure ofthe said nucleating-effect-suppressor.
 82. The method of controlling thecrystallization of claim 80, wherein said anion is an anion from acarboxylic acid or a sulfonic acid.
 83. The method of controlling thecrystallization of claim 82, wherein said carboxylic acid and sulfonicacid are an aromatic or aliphatic sulfonic acid and an aromatic oraliphatic carboxylic acid, respectively.
 84. The method of controllingthe crystallization of claim 76, wherein said compound is any of thecompounds having at least one structure selected from among polycyclicstructures wherein six or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structuresare condensed to form condensed ring, excluding nigrosine, anilineblack, copper phthalocyanine derivatives, and decacyclene.
 85. Themethod of controlling the crystallization of claim 76, wherein saidcompound has at least one structure selected from among polycyclicstructures wherein three or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structuresare condensed to form condensed ring, the polycyclic structure havingany one or more among a pyrrole ring, a pyroline ring, a pyrrolidinering, a pyrazole ring, a pyrazoline ring, an imidazole ring, animidazoline ring, an imidazolidine ring, an oxolan ring, a dioxolanring, a thiolan ring, a thiazole ring, a cyclohexane ring, a piperidinering, a piperazine ring, a pyridone ring, an oxane ring, a dioxane ring,a thian ring, a dithian ring and a thiazine ring, the compound abovebeing any of the compounds excluding nigrosine, aniline black and copperphthalocyanine derivatives.
 86. The method of controlling thecrystallization of claim 76, wherein said crystallization temperaturefall is 4° C. or more.
 87. The method of controlling the crystallizationof claim 76, wherein by containing one kind or more of anucleating-effect-suppressor comprising any of the compounds having atleast one structure selected from among polycyclic structures whereinthree or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed toform condensed ring, excluding nigrosine, aniline black and copperphthalocyanine derivatives, in a crystalline resin, the average diameterof sphaerocrystals in a crystalline resin composition containing thenucleating-effect-suppressor is made 2 times or more the averagediameter of sphaerocrystals in a crystalline resin in the aforementionedcrystalline resin composition, which does not contain saidnucleating-effect-suppressor.
 88. The method of controlling thecrystallization of claim 76, wherein by containing one kind or more of anucleating-effect-suppressor comprising any of the compounds having atleast one structure selected from among polycyclic structures whereinthree or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed toform condensed ring, excluding nigrosine, aniline black and copperphthalocyanine derivatives, in a crystalline resin, the number ofsphaerocrystals in a prescribed area in a crystalline resin compositioncontaining the nucleating-effect-suppressor is decreased compared to thenumber of sphaerocrystals in the aforementioned prescribed area in acrystalline resin in the aforementioned crystalline resin composition,which does not contain said nucleating-effect-suppressor.
 89. The methodof controlling the crystallization of claim 76, wherein said crystallineresin contains a fibrous reinforcing material, the crystallizationtemperature and crystallization rate of a crystalline resin compositioncontaining the nucleating-effect-suppressor are lowered compared to thecrystallization temperature and crystallization rate of a crystallineresin in the crystalline resin composition, which does not contain saidnucleating-effect-suppressor.
 90. The method of controlling thecrystallization of claim 76, wherein said compound is colorless orlight-colored.
 91. A crystalline resin composition which contains anucleating-effect-suppressor comprising a compound that controls thecrystallization of the crystalline resin, said compound being any of thecompounds having at least one structure selected from among polycyclicstructures wherein three or more 4-membered or higher cyclic structuresare condensed to form condensed ring, excluding nigrosine, aniline blackand copper phthalocyanine derivatives, the crystallization temperaturebeing lower than the crystallization temperature of a crystalline resinin the crystalline resin composition, which does not contain saidnucleating-effect-suppressor.
 92. The crystalline resin composition ofclaim 91, wherein at least one of said polycyclic structures is astructure selected from among Skeletal Structures enumerated below, andthe individual bonds that constitute each skeletal structure are singleor double bonds.


93. The crystalline resin composition of claim 91, wherein at least oneof said polycyclic structures is a structure selected from among BasicStructures enumerated below.


94. The crystalline resin composition of claim 91, wherein at least oneof said polycyclic structures has one kind or two kinds or more selectedfrom among a halogen, a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkyl group, analkoxy group, an aralkyl group, an allyl group, an alkenyl group, analkynyl group, an aryl group, an acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, anaryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylaminocarbonyl group, an arylaminocarbonylgroup, an alkylamino group, an arylamino group, an amino group, anacylamino group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfone group and a carboxylgroup as substituents.
 95. The crystalline resin composition of claim91, wherein said compound having at least one structure selected fromamong polycyclic structures wherein three or more 4-membered or highercyclic structures are condensed to form condensed ring is a saltcomprising a cation and an anion that are ionically bound.
 96. Thecrystalline resin composition of claim 95, wherein said salt is a saltformed as a result of the ionization of a sulfone group, a carboxylgroup or an amino group having or not having a substituent in the basicstructure of the said nucleating-effect-suppressor.
 97. The crystallineresin composition of claim 95, wherein said anion is an anion from acarboxylic acid or a sulfonic acid.
 98. The crystalline resincomposition of claim 97, wherein said carboxylic acid and sulfonic acidare an aromatic or aliphatic sulfonic acid and an aromatic or aliphaticcarboxylic acid, respectively.
 99. The crystalline resin composition ofclaim 91, wherein said compound is any of the compounds having at leastone structure selected from among polycyclic structures wherein six ormore 4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed to formcondensed ring, excluding nigrosine, aniline black, copperphthalocyanine derivatives, and decacyclene.
 100. The crystalline resincomposition of claim 91, wherein said compound has at least onestructure selected from among polycyclic structures wherein three ormore 4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed to formcondensed ring, the polycyclic structure having any one or more among apyrrole ring, a pyroline ring, a pyrrolidine ring, a pyrazole ring, apyrazoline ring, an imidazole ring, an imidazoline ring, animidazolidine ring, an oxolan ring, a dioxolan ring, a thiolan ring, athiazole ring, a cyclohexane ring, a piperidine ring, a piperazine ring,a pyridone ring, an oxane ring, a dioxane ring, a thian ring, a dithianring and a thiazine ring, the compound above being any of the compoundsexcluding nigrosine, aniline black and copper phthalocyaninederivatives.
 101. The crystalline resin composition of claim 91, whereinsaid crystallization temperature fall is 4° C. or more.
 102. Thecrystalline resin composition of claim 91, wherein said crystallineresin is one or a mixture of two or more selected from among polyamideresin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyethyleneterephthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyphenylenesulfide resin and polyether ether ketone resin.
 103. The crystallineresin composition of claim 91, which contains a fibrous reinforcingmaterial.
 104. A crystalline resin molded product which contains anucleating-effect-suppressor comprising a compound that controls thecrystallization of a crystalline resin in the crystalline resin, theaforementioned compound being any of the compounds having at least onestructure selected from among polycyclic structures wherein three ormore 4-membered or higher cyclic structures are condensed to formcondensed ring, excluding nigrosine, aniline black and copperphthalocyanine derivatives.
 105. The crystalline resin molded product ofclaim 104, wherein the average diameter of sphaerocrystals is 2 times ormore the average diameter of sphaerocrystals in the crystalline resin insaid crystalline resin composition, which does not contain theabove-described nucleating-effect-suppressor.
 106. The crystalline resinmolded product of claim 104, wherein the number of sphaerocrystals in aprescribed area is decreased compared to the number of sphaerocrystalsin the aforementioned prescribed area in the crystalline resin in saidcrystalline resin molded product, which does not contain theabove-described nucleating-effect-suppressor.
 107. The crystalline resinmolded product of claim 104, wherein said crystalline resin is one or amixture of two or more selected from among polyamide resin, polyethyleneresin, polypropylene resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin,polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin andpolyether ether ketone resin.
 108. The crystalline resin molded productof claim 104, which contains a fibrous reinforcing material.